Methods for laundering delicate garments in a washing machine

ABSTRACT

A product and process for laundering delicate or dry-clean only garments in a washing machine, such as a conventional home washing machine. The process may utilize a garment container, such as a flexible wrap to protect the garments. The process also includes at least one cleaning composition specially formulated for delicate garments. The cleaning composition(s) can be in a number of suitable forms, and can be introduced into the process in a number of different manners. The products used in the process may be provided in the form of a kit. The kit may also include a pretreatment applicator.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/107,586, filed Mar. 27, 2002; which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/648,219, filed Aug. 25, 2000; which is acontinuation-in-part of PCT application PCT/US00/27005, filed Sep. 29,2000; which is a continuation-in-part of PCT applications PCT/US99/24937and PCT/US99/24938, both filed Oct. 22, 1999; which claims the benefitof U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/105,539, filed Oct. 24, 1998;and 60/157,082 and 60/157,399, both filed Oct. 1, 1999.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to products and processes for launderingdelicate or dry-clean only garments in a washing machine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

By definition, the term “dry cleaning” has been used to describeprocesses for cleaning textiles using non-aqueous solvents. Dry cleaningis an old art with solvent cleaning first being recorded in the UnitedKingdom in the 1860s. Typically, dry cleaning processes are used withdelicate fabrics such as wool and silk which are subject to shrinkage inaqueous laundering baths, or which are judged to be too valuable ordelicate to be subjected to aqueous laundering processes. Such garmentsusually have a tag affixed to them either identifying the garment as“dry clean only” or providing some other appropriate laundering tocsin.For the last fifty years, the most widely-used non-aqueous solvent ofchoice for commercial dry-cleaning has been perchloroethylene.

While perchloroethylene is superior to the non-aqueous solvents that itreplaced, it has several disadvantages. In particular perchloroethylenehas been identified as a hazardous air pollutant by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency and has been long associated withnervous-system and kidney disorders among industrial workers. In 1995,the Environmental Protection Agency classified perchloroethylene as a“probable human carcinogen.” Perchloroethylene's potential carcinogeniceffects are not limited solely to industrial workers or those whooperate perchloroethylene-based dry clean processes: a recent study ofcommercial dry cleaners in New York revealed that many of these cleanersused such high amounts of perchloroethylene to clean garments, thatcustomers who wore freshly dry-cleaned garments could inhale enoughperchloroethylene to incur a slightly increased risk of cancer. As aconsequence of the hazardous nature of perchloroethylene, dry cleaningprocesses utilizing perchloroethylene must be done at commercialestablishments. Not only is this both inconvenient and expensive, but itcan expose delicate and often expensive garments to dry-cleaningprocesses of inconsistent quality and garment care. Many consumers whohave taken their goods to a commercial dry-cleaner have reported thembeing damaged either by excessive shrinking, discoloration or tearing.The use of perchloroethylene in commercial dry-cleaning establishmentsalso tends to leave a “chemical” smell on clothing that consumers findunsatisfactory.

Moreover, while solvent-based dry cleaning processes are quite effectivefor removing oily soils and stains, they are not optimal for removingparticulates such as clay soils, and may require special treatmentconditions to remove proteinaceous stains.

Given the foregoing, there is a continuing need for a method or processthat provides excellent cleaning benefits on a variety of stains andsoiling conditions and imparts a “fresh” and “clean” scent to delicateor dry-clean only goods without the use of hazardous or harmfulchemicals and which provides excellent cleaning benefits on a variety ofstains and soiling conditions. Accordingly, it is a feature of thepresent invention to provide a process for cleaning delicate ordry-clean only garments that uses non-toxic and non-hazardous chemicalsto provide superior cleaning benefits on a wide variety of soils andstains. Such a method or process should also be relatively convenientand inexpensive and be without the possible garment damage and adverse“chemical” scent that is sometimes the result of commercialdry-cleaning.

Ideally, particulates and proteinaceous stains, as well as oily soilsand stains, are removed from fabrics using detersive ingredients andunder operating conditions which are more akin to aqueous launderingprocesses than to conventional dry cleaning. Such aqueous laundryprocesses also consistently impart a “freshness” or “clean” scent tofabric, rather than the “chemical” smell that is often found whenperchloroethylene or other non-aqueous solvents are used.

Perhaps the most widely practiced aqueous laundering process is thatwhich the consumer performs when she or he immerses a garment into anaqueous laundry detergent solution in a conventional home washingmachine. Such a process has long been shown to provide excellentperformance for both stain removal and overall garment cleaning and canbe performed without using hazardous or toxic chemicals. Moreover, theuse of an aqueous laundering process in a conventional washing machineis considerably more convenient and inexpensive than virtually any otherlaundering method.

Nonetheless, such processes can produce unacceptable results whenapplied to a broad range of delicate or dry-clean only garments, such asthose made from wool. Wool, is made up of fibers which can interlockwith one another by a series of “scales”. Generally, these interlockingscales cannot move past one another and as a result wool is a relativelystrong textile. However, when wool becomes wet or moistened, the fibersmove together, and the wool garment shrinks. This shrinkage cannot beundone because these “scales” can only move past one another in apreferred direction. Sufficient force cannot be exerted to move them inthe direction opposite to the preferred direction to undo the shrinkage.Thus when the wool garment is removed from the aqueous laundry process,shrinkage has occurred and the garment is irreversibly damaged.Similarly, rayon, when saturated with water, becomes extremely weak andthe subsequent agitation and abrasion that it experiences in a typicalaqueous laundry process is likely not only to cause severe damage to thegarment but also to leave it extremely wrinkled. Similarly, delicatefabrics like silk will not only be severely wrinkled but also may losetheir desirable soft feel.

Garments such as silks are also vulnerable not only to the mechanicalagitation of a conventional washing machine but are also particularlyvulnerable to the typical laundry detergents because such detergents maycontain ingredients that are too harsh for such delicate fabrics. It isthus desirable to provide an aqueous laundering process adapted for usein a conventional washing machine that is not harmful to garments madefrom fabrics such as wool, leather, suede, rayon, silk, acrylics,triacetates, fine cottons and blends of these aforementioned materials.

Therefore, a need exists for a process for laundering delicate ordry-clean only garments in a washing machine without the deleteriousconsequences described above. A need also exists for a convenient,inexpensive, and efficacious way to clean delicate and dry-clean onlygarments in the home.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention solves the long-standing need for an inexpensiveand convenient process of cleaning dry-clean only and other delicategarments in an aqueous laundering process, such as a conventional homewashing machine. Processes (or systems) and kits for performing theseprocesses have been found by which delicate and dry-clean only garmentscan be cleaned and freshened in an aqueous laundering process withoutdamaging the garments. The processes of the present invention areintended to provide at least equivalent cleaning of garments whencompared to a commercial dry-cleaning establishment usingperchloroethylene but without the use of hazardous chemicals or thedeposition of chemical malodors on the garments.

The system uses cleaning compositions which are modified to be mild ondelicate garments. In addition, in one non-limiting embodiment, thesystem uses a garment container which is preferably in the form of aflexible, pervious wrap. When a garment is secured within thiscontainer, the garment is buffered and cushioned from the force andstress caused by the washing machine agitator. The garment containeralso helps to minimize shrinkage of the garment. Without wishing to bebound to any particular theory, it is believed that garment shrinkage isminimized because the wrap maintains the garments in an unbunchedcondition, which can be thought of conceptually maintaining tension onthe garments. The present invention may also utilize a wash pretreatmentapplicator which is used to distribute or spread a wash pretreatmentcomposition across the surface of a stain. Several non-limiting examplesof the various components of this system will now be describedgenerally.

The cleaning compositions (e.g., detergent compositions), as discussedabove, are modified to be mild on delicate garments. The cleaningcompositions can be used for various purposes in the system, and can beused at different stages of the washing process. The purposes for thecleaning compositions, and the stages at which they are introducedinclude, but are not limited to as: a pretreatment step, including, butnot limited to for treatment of stains; during the wash cycle as a mainwash composition; and as a conditioner, such as a rinse cycleconditioner. The cleaning compositions can be introduced into the systemindividually, or in any suitable combinations. Suitable combinationsinclude, but are not limited to: a combination in which the samecomposition is used for pretreatment and for cleaning in the main wash,with or without a separate conditioner; and, a separate pretreatmentcomposition and a combination wash/conditioner composition.

The cleaning compositions may be in any suitable form, such as in theform of a liquid, a gel, a foam or mousse, a viscous liquid, a dry orwet impregnated sheet, or in less preferred embodiments, a powder. Thecleaning compositions can be introduced into the washing process in anysuitable manner. The following are some non-limiting manners in whichthe cleaning compositions can be introduced into the washing process. Inone embodiment, the cleaning composition can be poured into the washingmachine in the same manner as conventional detergents. In otherembodiments, the compositions can be applied to the garments to becleaned. The compositions can be applied directly to the garments to becleaned, or indirectly to the garments, such as applying thecompositions to another article that comes into close proximity orcontact with the garments. For example, in one embodiment, thecomposition can be applied to an article, such as a dosing pad, which isplaced inside of the flexible wrap container, and the flexible wrapcontainer with the article inside can be placed in the washing machinetogether. There are a non-limiting number of variations of theseembodiments. For example, the composition can be applied to a dosingpad, and the dosing pad can either be part of the flexible wrapcontainer, or be placed in the flexible wrap container with the garmentsto be cleaned.

In one non-limiting embodiment of the system, a first composition,preferably a detergent composition, is used to pre-treat stains and toenhance cleaning efficacy on stains. The system may provide anapplicator and, optionally a special stain-absorbent pad which theconsumer may use to pretreat a stain before the garment is placed in thewashing machine. In addition, the system makes use of a secondcomposition, preferably a detergent composition which is a combinationof both a cleaning composition and a conditioner to improve colorfidelity, provide anti-wrinkling benefits and reduce fabric abrasion aswell as providing other fabric care benefits. In one embodiment of sucha system, the pretreatment composition comprises an anionic surfactant,a nonionic surfactant, and a solvatrope for improving the stability ofthe pretreatment composition under freezing/thawing conditions. Thecombination washing/conditioning composition in this embodimentcomprises an anionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium surfactant, asilicone softening agent, and optionally an emulsifier. Preferably, theanionic surfactant to quaternary ammonium surfactant weight ratio isfrom about 2:1 to about 6:1.

The garment container, such as the flexible wrap container is designedto contain and protect delicate or dry-clean only clothes from beingsubjected to the agitation action of a washing machine. In onenon-limiting embodiment, the basic part of the flexible wrap containeris a flexible rectangular panel constructed of an open weave material,such as polyester or nylon material, either of which may be coated, suchas with an acrylic coating. The garment container preferably resistsshrinkage of the garments contained therein such that the garments havea shrinkage ratio (% dimensional change) of less than or equal to about15% (e.g., between about 0% and about 15%) over five wash cycles. Thegarment container preferably has a wetting effectiveness of the garmentscontained therein of between about 90% and about 100%, more preferablyat least about 95%, and most preferably 100%.

In a preferred embodiment, the flexible wrap container additionallycomprises a first and second flap attached along the right edge of thepanel and along the left edge of the panel, respectively. The flaps mayoverlap each other to provide increased garment containment during use.The flexible wrap container may be provided with closure devices, suchas one or more straps. If straps are provided, each strap is preferablyequipped with a pair of fasteners. When the wrap is folded up accordingto the directions of use, the strap or straps may be tightened aroundthe wrap and one or more fasteners engaged to hold the strap or strapsin place so that the bag is secured and will not open up under normalagitation conditions. Other preferred flexible wrap containers areprovided with a tapering top portion to which is attached at least oneof the previously described straps to further aid in containment of thegarment. In a version of these embodiments, optionally at least two andpreferably four snaps are located near the edge of one of the panel'ssides or ends. These snaps may be used for attaching the flexible wrapcontainer to another identical flexible wrap container to increase thecapacity of the flexible wrap container, or to permit larger sizegarments to be placed therein.

The wash pretreatment applicator can be of any suitable configuration.Several preferred wash pretreatment applicators are disclosed. In onenon-limiting embodiment, the wash pretreatment applicator is asubstantially cylindrical tube having a closed end portion with numerousbristles adapted to fit on a wearer's finger and apply a cleaningcomposition to a stain covering a localized area of a delicate ordry-clean only garment. In another non-limiting embodiment, the washpretreatment applicator comprises a pressure operated applicator. Thepressure operated applicator preferably comprises a dabbing-typeapplicator comprising an applicator pad, a valve, and a container forthe wash pretreatment composition. In a preferred version of thisembodiment, the applicator pad is a novel structure comprising multiplelayers of a net material.

The present invention also provides a kit for laundering delicate ordry-clean only garments in a washing machine, such as a conventionalhome washing machine. The kit comes with a flexible wrap container, oneor more cleaning compositions, and instructions for using the containerto launder garments in a washing machine. The process of the presentinvention can also be used in other types of washing machines, includingcommercial washing machines. The instructions provided are enclosed withor on a container enclosing the kit.

A non-limiting number of additional embodiments and features of thepresent invention are also possible. These embodiments and features mayconstitute inventions in their own right. In addition, the novelembodiments and features described herein can be combined in othermanners, such as with prior compositions to provide still other novelsystems and methods.

It is desirable that the methods described herein be suitable for use inthe various types of washing machines in use throughout the world. Thesemethods may, therefore have adaptations that make them more suitable foruse in the following: high agitation top loading vertical axis washingmachines such as those used in the United States; the longer wash cycle,higher water temperature horizontal axis front loading washing machinesused in Europe; the relatively mild agitation/short wash cycle washingmachines used in Japan; and, other types of washing machines usedelsewhere. In one example of such an embodiment, a suitable retainingdevice can be used to maintain the wrap in a particular position in thetub of the washing machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating the flexible wrap container 122.

FIG. 1A is a side view illustrating the flexible wrap container 122 andshowing two attached flaps, a first flap 111 being folded out and asecond flap 112 being folded over the panel.

FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating an enlarged flexible wrap container125. In this embodiment, the two wraps can be attached to each other viaconnecting means 107 located adjacent to the bottom edge of the panel101 of each flexible wrap container 122 to form an enlarged flexiblewrap container 125.

FIG. 3 is a detail illustrating a pocket 110 attached to the panel ofthe flexible wrap container which provides a storage area for the extrastraps and fastening devices when two flexible wrap containers areattached to form an enlarged flexible wrap container as in FIG. 2.

FIG. 3A is a sectional side view of the pocket 110 illustrating thestoring of straps and fastening devices in the attached pockets when twoflexible wrap containers are attached to form an enlarged flexible wrapcontainer as in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a profile of the materiallayers in a preferred embodiment of the flexible wrap container 122.

FIG. 5 is a perspective of the wash pretreatment applicator 310 which isused in the present invention to pre-treat stains using hand pressure.

FIG. 6 is a perspective of the wash pretreatment applicator 310 aspositioned on a 10 human finger.

FIG. 7 is a perspective of the flexible wrap container 122 in aroll-like shape.

FIG. 8 is a top planar view of a preferred flexible wrap container madein accordance with the present invention, wherein overlapping first andsecond flaps which are illustrated in an open position.

FIG. 9 is a top planar view of the flexible wrap container of FIG. 8,wherein the first and second flaps have been folded over the right andleft edges of the panel of the flexible wrap container.

FIG. 10 is a top planar view of the flexible wrap container of FIG. 8,where the first flap has been folded over the left edge of the panel toillustrate placement of a second garment in the flexible wrap container.

FIG. 11 is a top planar view of another flexible wrap container made inaccordance with the present invention, wherein a tapered top portion isprovided.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the flexible wrap container of FIG. 11,wherein the flexible wrap container is illustrated in a roll-like shape.

FIG. 13 is a side elevation view of yet another flexible wrap containermade in accordance with the present invention, wherein a fence isprovided along the edge of the flexible wrap container.

FIG. 14 is a top planar view of the flexible wrap container of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a side elevational view of the flexible wrap container ofFIG. 13, wherein the flexible wrap container is illustrated in aroll-like shape.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a wrap similar to that shown in FIG. 11with the flaps folded over.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the wrap shown in FIG. 16 which hasbeen folded once.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the wrap shown in FIG. 16 which hasbeen folded twice.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the wrap similar shown in FIG. 16 withthe strap fastened around the folded wrap.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the interior of the tub of awashing machine with a net therein to hold the folded flexible wrapcontainer in position.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a pretreatmentapplicator.

FIG. 22 is an exploded side view showing the assembly of the applicatorportion of the pretreatment applicator shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a top view of the of the applicator portion of thepretreatment applicator shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 24 bottom view of the applicator portion of the pretreatmentapplicator shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 25 side view of the applicator portion of the pretreatmentapplicator shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 26 cross-sectional side view of the applicator portion of thepretreatment applicator shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 27 is a schematic view showing the garment benchmark locations fora pair of pants or trousers for the entire garment shrinkage testmethod.

FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing the garment benchmark locations forblouses, shirts, and sweaters.

FIG. 29 is a schematic view showing the garment benchmark locations fordresses and skirts.

FIG. 30 is a plan view of an example of a woven fabric swatch.

FIG. 31 is an enlarged plan view of a yam as it would appear in a knitfabric swatch.

FIG. 32 is a plan view of the swatch marking template for the FabricSwatch Shrinkage Test Method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferredembodiments of the invention, non-limiting examples of which areillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to processes (or systems), compositions,articles, and kits by which delicate and dry-clean only garments can becleaned and freshened in an aqueous laundering process without damagingthe garment. The processes of the present invention are intended toprovide at least equivalent cleaning of garments when compared to acommercial dry-cleaning establishment using perchloroethylene butwithout the use of hazardous chemicals or the deposition of chemicalmalodors on the garment.

These systems use cleaning compositions which are modified to be mild ondelicate garments. In addition, in one non-limiting embodiment, thesystems use a garment container, which is preferably in the form of aflexible, pervious wrap. When a garment is secured within thiscontainer, the garment is buffered and cushioned from the force andstress caused by the washing machine. The garment container also helpsto control shrinkage of the garment. The present invention may alsoutilize a wash pretreatment applicator which is used to distribute orspread the wash pretreatment composition across the surface of a stain.Definitions that are applicable to the present description are asfollows.

DEFINITIONS

By “aqueous compositions” herein is meant compositions which comprise amajor portion of water.

By “solution” herein is meant a liquid mixture of ingredients. As usedherein “solution” does not convey or imply the existence of only asingle liquid or solid phase. Nor is it meant to describe a homogenoussolvent/solute system.

By “effective amount” herein is meant any amount capable of measurablyimproving stain removal from a localized area of a garment. In general,this amount may vary quite widely.

By “cleaning” herein is meant the removal of soils and stains fromfabrics. By “contact with stained areas” with respect to the washpretreatment applicators is meant contact which is afforded by theapplicator portion of the device with the one side of the stained area.By “contact with the stained areas” with respect to the absorbent stainreceiver pad is meant that the side of the stained area of the fabricopposite the wash pretreatment applicator directly contacts the receiverpad and is in close communication therewith. Thick garments may requirea modified process (e.g., the stain will be removed from the same sidethat the pretreatment applicator contacts.

All percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by weight, unlessotherwise specified.

The components of the processes or systems of this invention and kitsfor performing these processes and their method of use are described inmore detail hereinafter.

The Cleaning Compositions

Some laundry detergent compositions are too harsh to treat delicate anddry-clean only garments. In particular, detergent ingredients such ascertain surfactants, certain enzymes and bleaches can cause seriousdamage (garment discoloration in particular) to delicate and dry-cleanonly garments. Accordingly, the cleaning compositions used herein,should most preferably be substantially free of bleaches and include anenzyme cocktail that is less harsh than the enzymes typically used in alaundry detergent composition. Stated otherwise, the cleaningcompositions herein should be formulated so as not to damage fabrics bycausing discoloration, abrasion or other adverse effects.

Consequently, while conventional laundry detergents are usuallyformulated to provide good cleaning on cotton and cotton/polyester blendfabrics, the compositions here must be formulated to also safely andeffectively clean and refresh fabrics such as wool, leather, suede,silk, rayon, alpaca fleece, fine cotton and blends of the aforementionedfabrics. In addition, the compositions herein comprise ingredients whichare specially selected and formulated to minimize the migration offugitive dyes.

The cleaning compositions may be in any suitable form, such as in theform of a liquid, a gel, a foam or mousse, a viscous liquid, a dry orwet impregnated sheet, or in less preferred embodiments, a powder.

The cleaning compositions can be used for various purposes in thesystem, and can be used at different stages of the washing process. Thepurposes for the cleaning compositions, and the stages at which they areintroduced include, but are not limited to as: a pretreatment step,including, but not limited to for treatment of stains; during the washcycle as a main wash composition; and as a conditioner, such as a rinsecycle conditioner. The cleaning compositions can be introduced into thesystem individually, or in any suitable combinations. Suitablecombinations include, but are not limited to: a combination in which thesame composition is used for pretreatment and for cleaning in the mainwash, with or without a separate conditioner; and, a separatepretreatment composition and a combination wash/conditioner composition.

In one non-limiting embodiment, the present invention includes both awash pretreatment composition and a combination washing/conditioningcomposition—the latter providing both detersive-cleaning benefits andconditioning and softening benefits in a single composition. Theprocesses of the present invention will be described in terms of thisembodiment, but it is to be understood that this description is by wayof example, rather than being limiting. For example, other cleaningcomposition systems (including, but not limited to the liquid cleaningcomposition and rinse cycle conditioner described in PCT Publication WO00/24958, Curry, et al., published May 4, 2000, which claims priority tothe following U.S. patent applications: 60/105,539, filed Oct. 24, 1998and 60/157,399, filed Oct. 1, 1999) can be used with the improvedflexible wrap container described herein, and benefits will still beachieved.

It has been discovered that when the applicator and the washpretreatment composition are used in the manner described herein,excellent spot and stain removal performance is obtained even thoughthese detergent compositions are specially formulated to be mild andgentle. In addition to the foregoing considerations, the washpretreatment composition used herein is preferably formulated such thatit is easily dispensed and not so viscous in nature that it renders thestain-removal applicator unwieldy or difficult to use.

The following are intended only to be non-limiting illustrations of suchcompositions, more examples of which will readily come to mind of theskilled formulator.

The Wash Pretreatment Composition

The wash pretreatment composition is an optional component of thepresent invention and may be selected from the following suitableingredients which will now be discussed in seritam.

Detersive Surfactants—Surfactants are known to have potentially harsheffects on fabrics. Typically, the compositions herein will comprisefrom about 3% to about 40%, more preferably from about 10% to about 25%,most preferably from about 15% to about 20%, by weight of detersivesurfactants.

Nonlimiting examples of surfactants useful herein include theunsaturated sulfates such as oleyl sulfate, the C₁₀-C₁₈ alkyl alkoxysulfates (“AE_(x)S”; especially EO 1-7 ethoxy sulfates), C₁₀-C₁₈ alkylalkoxy carboxylates (especially the EO 1-5 ethoxycarboxylates), andprimary, branched-chain and random C₁₀-C₂₀ alkyl sulfates (“AS”), theC₁₀-C₁₈ secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates of the formulaCH₃(CH₂)_(x)(CHOSO₃ ⁻M⁺)CH₃ and CH₃(CH₂)_(y)(CHOSO₃ ⁻M⁺) CH₂CH₃ where xand (y+1) are integers of at least about 7, preferably at least about 9,and M is a water-solubilizing cation, especially sodium, the C₁₀₋₁₈glycerol ethers, the C₁₀-C₁₈ alkyl polyglycosides and theircorresponding sulfated polyglycosides, and C₁₂-C₁₈ alpha-sulfonatedfatty acid esters. If desired, the conventional nonionic and amphotericsurfactants such as the C₁₂-C₁₈ alkyl ethoxylates (“AE”) including theso-called narrow peaked alkyl ethoxylates and C₆-C₁₂ alkyl phenolalkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy/propoxy), C₁₂-C₁₈betaines and sulfobetaines (“sultaines”), C₁₀-C₁₈ amine oxides, and thelike, can also be included in the overall compositions. The C₁₀-C₁₈N-alkyl polyhydroxy fatty acid amides can also be used. Typical examplesinclude the C₁₂-C₁₈ N-methylglucamides. See PCT Publication WO 92/06154A1. Other sugar-derived surfactants include the N-alkoxy polyhydroxyfatty acid amides, such as C₁₀-C₁₈ N-(3-methoxypropyl) glucamide. TheN-propyl through N-hexyl C₁₂-C₁₈ glucamides can be used for low sudsing.C₁₀-C₂₀ conventional soaps may also be used. If high sudsing is desired,the branched-chain C₁₀-C₁₆ soaps may be used. Mixtures of anionic andnonionic surfactants are especially useful and cationic and amphotericsurfactants may also be used. Other conventional useful surfactants arelisted in standard texts.

Builders—The compositions herein preferably comprise one or moredetergent builders or builder systems. When present, the compositionswill typically comprise from about 0.01% to about 35%, more preferablyfrom about 1% to about 25%, most preferably from about 2% to about 8% byweight, of detergent builder.

Organic detergent builders suitable for the purposes of the presentinvention include, but are not restricted to, a wide variety ofpolycarboxylate compounds. As used herein, “polycarboxylate” refers tocompounds having a plurality of carboxylate groups, preferably at least3 carboxylates. Polycarboxylate builder can generally be added to thecomposition in acid form, but can also be added in the form of aneutralized salt. When utilized in salt form, alkali metals, such assodium, potassium, and lithium, or alkanolammonium salts are preferred.

Citrate builders, e.g., citric acid and soluble salts thereof(particularly sodium salt), are polycarboxylate builders of particularimportance for the present detergent formulations due to theiravailability from renewable resources and their biodegradability.

Included among the polycarboxylate builders are a variety of categoriesof useful materials. One important category of polycarboxylate buildersencompasses the ether polycarboxylates, including oxydisuccinate, asdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,128,287 Berg, issued Apr. 7, 1964, and U.S.Pat. No. 3,635,830 Lamberti et al., issued Jan. 18, 1972. See also“TMS/TDS” builders of U.S. Pat. No. 4,663,071 Bush et al., issued May5,1987. Suitable ether polycarboxylates also include cyclic compounds,particularly alicyclic compounds, such as those described in U.S. Pat.No. 3,923,679 Rapko, issued Dec. 2, 1975; U.S. Pat. No. 4,158,635Crutchfield et al., issued Jun. 19, 1979; U.S. Pat. No. 4,120,874Crutchfield et al., issued Oct. 17, 1978; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,102,903Crutchfield et al., issued Jul. 25,1978.

Other useful detergency builders include the etherhydroxypolycarboxylates, copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene orvinyl methyl ether, 1,3,5-trihydroxy benzene-2,4,6-trisulphonic acid,and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, the various alkali metal, ammoniumand substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such asethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, as well aspolycarboxylates such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxydisuccinicacid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid,carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, and soluble salts thereof.

Other suitable polycarboxylates are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.4,144,226, Crutchfield et al., issued Mar. 13, 1979 and in U.S. Pat. No.3,308,067, Diehl, issued Mar. 7, 1967. See also Diehl U.S. Pat. No.3,723,322.

Enzymes—Enzymes can be included in the formulations herein for a widevariety of fabric laundering purposes, including removal ofprotein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based stains; for theprevention of fugitive dye transfer. Certain enzymes also provide fabricrestorative benefits by decomposing and degrading the loose and frayedfibers on the surface of a textile article, particularly textilearticles made from silk or wool.

The enzymes to be incorporated include proteases, amylases, lipases, andmannanases, as well as mixtures thereof. Other types of enzymes may alsobe included. They may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable,animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. However, their choice isgoverned by several factors such as pH-activity and/or stability optima,thermostability, stability versus surfactants, builders and so on.Protease is an acceptable enzyme because of its well-known cleaningbenefits on a variety of organic-material stains, but it should bechosen to not adversely effect wool and silk at the conditions used.Enzymes such as cellulases and peroxidases are less desirable because oftheir potentially harsh effects on delicate garments and in an optimalcomposition, they are not present.

Enzymes are normally incorporated at levels sufficient to provide up toabout 5 mg by weight, more typically about 0.01 mg to about 3 mg, ofactive enzyme per gram of the composition. Stated otherwise, thecompositions herein will typically comprise from about 0.001% to about5%, preferably 0.01%-1.0% by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation.Protease enzymes are usually present in such commercial preparations atlevels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) ofactivity per gram of composition.

Further examples of enzymes suitable for use in the present inventioncan be found in the copending provisional application of Boutique etal., entitled “Detergent Compositions Comprising Improved Hydrotropes,”P&G Case No. 7694P2, Ser. No. 60/150,233, having been filed on Aug. 23,1999.

Enzyme Stabilizing System—The compositions herein may comprise fromabout 0.001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 8%,most preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%, by weight of an enzymestabilizing system. The enzyme stabilizing system can be any stabilizingsystem which is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Such a system maybe inherently provided by other formulation actives, or be addedseparately, e.g., by the formulator or by a manufacturer ofdetergent-ready enzymes. Such stabilizing systems can, for example,comprise calcium ion, boric acid, propylene glycol, short chaincarboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designedto address different stabilization problems depending on the type andphysical form of the detergent composition.

One possible stabilizing approach is by use of borate species. SeeSeverson, U.S. Pat. No. 4,537,706. Borate stabilizers, when used, may beat levels of up to 10% or more of the composition though more typically,levels of up to about 3% by weight of boric acid or other boratecompounds such as borax or orthoborate are suitable for liquid detergentuse. Substituted boric acids such as phenylboronic acid, butaneboronicacid, p-bromophenylboronic acid or the like can be used in place ofboric acid and reduced levels of total boron in detergent compositionsmay be possible though the use of such substituted boron derivatives.

Stabilizing systems of certain cleaning compositions may furthercomprise from 0% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%by weight, of chlorine bleach scavengers, added to prevent chlorinebleach species present in many water supplies from attacking andinactivating the enzymes, especially under alkaline conditions. Whilechlorine levels in water may be small, typically in the range from about0.5 ppm to about 1.75 ppm, the available chlorine in the total volume ofwater that comes in contact with the enzyme, for example during fabricwashing, can be relatively large; accordingly, enzyme stability tochlorine in-use is sometimes problematic. Suitable chlorine scavengeranions are widely known and readily available, and, if used, can besalts containing ammonium cations with sulfite, bisulfite, thiosulfite,thiosulfate, iodide, etc. Antioxidants such as carbamate, ascorbate,etc., organic amines such as ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) oralkali metal salt thereof, monoethanolamine (MEA), and mixtures thereofcan likewise be used.

The compositions herein may contain any of the water-soluble formatesdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,318,818, Letton et al, issued Mar. 9, 1982,incorporated herein by reference. Formate is present at a level of fromabout 0.05% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 2%, mostpreferably from about 0.05% to about 1.5%, by weight of the composition.

Other suitable detergent ingredients that can be added as enzymestabilizers are the enzyme oxidation scavengers which are described incopending European Patent application 92870018.6 filed on Jan. 31, 1992.Examples of such enzyme oxidation scavengers are ethoxylatedtetraethylene polyamines.

Further compounds and techniques suitable for enzyme stabilization andchlorine scavenging for use in the present invention can be found in thecopending provisional application of Curry et al., entitled “Methods forLaundering Delicate Garments in a Washing Machine,” having P&G Case No.7315P2, Ser. No. 60/157,399, filed Oct. 1, 1999.

Particulate Soil Removal/Anti-Redeposition Agents—The compositionsherein can also optionally contain water-soluble ethoxylated amineshaving particulate soil removal and antiredeposition properties. Liquiddetergent compositions typically contain about 0.01% to about 5%.

The most preferred soil release and anti-redeposition agent isethoxylated tetraethylene-pentamine (“TEPA”). On averagetetraethylene-pentamine is ethoxylated with 15-18 moles of ethyleneoxide at each hydrogen site. Exemplary ethoxylated amines are furtherdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,597,898, VanderMeer, issued Jul. 1, 1986.Another group of preferred particulate soil removal-antiredepositionagents are the cationic compounds disclosed in European PatentApplication 111,965, Oh and Gosselink, published Jun. 27, 1984. Otherparticulate soil removal/antiredeposition agents which can be usedinclude the ethoxylated amine polymers disclosed in European PatentApplication 111,984, Gosselink, published Jun. 27, 1984; thezwitterionic polymers disclosed in European Patent Application 112,592,Gosselink, published Jul. 4, 1984; and the amine oxides disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 4,548,744, Connor, issued Oct. 22, 1985. Other particulatesoil removal and/or anti redeposition agents known in the art can alsobe utilized in the compositions herein. Another type of preferredantiredeposition agent includes the carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)materials.

Dye Transfer Inhibiting Agents—An important part of the presentinvention is providing color care for delicate garments and fabricswhich are cleaned according to the aqueous cleaning processes describedherein. Thus, the compositions herein may also include one or morematerials effective for inhibiting the transfer of dyes from one fabricto another during the cleaning process. Generally, such dye transferinhibiting agents include polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamineN-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole,manganese phthalocyanine, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof. If used,these agents typically comprise from about 0.01% to about 10% by weightof the composition, preferably from about 0.01% to about 5%, and morepreferably from about 0.05% to about 2%.

More specifically, the polyamine N-oxide polymers preferred for useherein contain units having the following structural formula: R-A_(x)-P;wherein P is a polymerizable unit to which an N—O group can be attachedor the N—O group can form part of the polymerizable unit or the N—Ogroup can be attached to both units; A is one of the followingstructures: —NC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —O—, —N=; x is 0 or 1; and R isaliphatic, ethoxylated aliphatics, aromatics, heterocyclic or alicyclicgroups or any combination thereof to which the nitrogen of the N—O groupcan be attached or the N—O group is part of these groups. Preferredpolyamine N-oxides are those wherein R is a heterocyclic group such aspyridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrrolidine, piperidine and derivativesthereof.

The N—O group can be represented by the following general structures:

wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ are aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclicgroups or combinations thereof; x, y and z are 0 or 1; and the nitrogenof the N—O group can be attached or form part of any of theaforementioned groups. The amine oxide unit of the polyamine N-oxideshas a pKa<10, preferably pKa<7, more preferred pKa<6.

An example of a dye transfer inhibiting agent is poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) which can be referred to as “PVNO” (butpreferably this particular dye transfer inhibiting agent is onlyincorporated into the combination washing/conditioning composition).Also suitable are copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazolepolymers (referred to as a class as “PVPVI”) as well aspolyvinylpyrrolidone (“PVP”). These are discussed in greater detail inU.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208, to Zhen et al., issued Jun. 2, 1998, which ishereby incorporated by reference.

Additional Color Care Agents—In addition to the dye transfer inhibitors,the present invention further comprises an additional agent to providecolor care benefits: 30 polyethyleneimine, PEI 600 E20, having thegeneral formula:

wherein B is a continuation by branching of the polyethyleneiminebackbone. E is an ethyleneoxy unit having the formula:—(CH₂CH₂O)mHwherein m has an average value of about 20. What is meant herein by anaverage value of 20 is that sufficient ethylene oxide or other suitablereagent is reacted with the polyethyleneimine starting material to fullyethoxylate each N—H unit to a degree of 20 ethoxylations. However, thoseskilled in the art will realize that some N—H unit hydrogen atoms willbe replaced by less than 20 ethoxy units and some will be replaced bymore than 20 ethoxy units, therefore, the average of the number ofethoxylations is 20.

The units which make up the polyalkyleneimine backbones are primaryamine units having the formula:H₂N—CH₂CH₂]— and —NH₂which terminate the main backbone and any branching chains, secondaryamine units having the formula:

and which, after modification, have their hydrogen atom substituted byan average of 20 ethyleneoxy units, and tertiary amine units having theformula:

which are the branching points of the main and secondary backbonechains, B representing a continuation of the chain structure bybranching. The tertiary units have no replaceable hydrogen atom and aretherefore not modified by substitution with ethyleneoxy units. Duringthe formation of the polyamine backbones, cyclization may occur,therefore, an amount of cyclic polyamine can be present in the parentpolyalkyleneimine backbone mixture. Each primary and secondary amineunit of the cyclic alkyleneimines undergoes modification by the additionof alkyleneoxy units in the same manner as linear and branchedpolyalkyleneimines.

The indices w, x, and y have values such that the average molecularweight of the polyethyleneimine backbone prior to modification is about600 daltons. In addition, those skilled in the art will recognize thateach branch chain must terminate in a primary amine unit, therefore thevalue of the index w is y+1 in the case where no cyclic amine backbonesare present.

The polyamines useful herein can be prepared, for example, bypolymerizing ethyleneimine in the presence of a catalyst such as carbondioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide,hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc. Specific methods for preparingthese polyamine backbones are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,182,306,Ulrich et al., issued Dec. 5, 1939; U.S. Pat. No. 3,033,746, Mayle etal., issued May 8, 1962; U.S. Pat. No. 2,208,095, Esselmann et al.,issued Jul. 16, 1940; U.S. Pat. No. 2,806,839, Crowther, issued Sep. 17,1957; and U.S. Pat. No. 2,553,696, Wilson, issued May 21, 1951; allherein incorporated by reference.

Stabilization Agents

The presence of certain surfactants may reduce the phase stability ofthe formulation especially at low temperature and under freezing/thawingconditions. Preferably, at least one stabilization agent, such as asolvatrope, is added to the formulation to achieve desirable phasestability in a complex surfactant system. It is highly desirable for thecomposition to become homogenous after thawing, rather than remaining ablob or a thick gel.

The term “solvatrope”, as used herein, refers to a solvent that exhibitsbehavior like that of a hydrotrope. Hydrotropes are described in TheAqueous Phase Behavior of Suractants, Robert G. Laughlin, AcademicPress, Inc., San Diego, Calif. USA. In other words, the solvatropeexhibits a behavior that is between that of a surfactant and a solvent.The chain length of the solvatrope's tail group is not large enough tobe a surfactant and a solvatrope would not form micelles. Normally, a C₈tail, as opposed to a C₆ tail, is needed for weak surfactant behavior.The solvatrope will, however, mix with a surfactant to improve itssolubility, and the solvatrope's head group is small enough to be ableto act as a solvent.

Without wishing to be bound to any particular theory, the solvatrope isbelieved to increase the solubility or the degree of miscibility betweenthe various surfactant phases present in the formulation. This lowersthe coefficient of friction while maintaining a strong interaction whichallows the formulation of stable low viscosity formulations of complexsurfactant systems. These additives also allow the use of ingredientsthat would otherwise increase the apparent viscosity of the formula andnegatively affect the spreading, diffusion and dissolution properties.Good spreading properties are important in direct contact pre-treatapplications. Diffusion and dissolution are important for the cleaningof delicate garments.

Again, without wishing to be bound to any particular theory, it isbelieved that solvatropes, probably due to their double OH functionalitycombined with a medium length carbon chain length, modify the phase tophase interactions, but differently from the behavior of a typicalsolvent, these solvatropes modify these interactions without completelyeliminating them. This results in a lower viscosity product that due tothe presence of some phase to phase interaction still maintain goodstability properties. Solvatropes act as coupling agents between thenonionic or cationic surfactant and water phases that typically avoid tocoexist homogeneously or tend to gel. With the addition of solvatropes asingle phase is delivered that is bicontinuous in nature. This phaseincorporates a domain containing the surfactant and solvatrope and adomain containing the water. Some solvatropes can exist in the watercontaining domain. The solvatropes may have the followingcharacteristics; 1) ClogP between about 0.1-about 0.6, or slightlyhigher (ClogP is the partitioning coefficient of a material betweenwater and octanol), 2) some degree of polarity (no center of symmetry).The “calculated logp” (ClogP) is determined by the fragment approach ofHansch and Leo (cf., A. Leo, in Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry, Vol.4, C. Hansch, P. G. Sammens, J. B. Taylor and C. A. Ramsden, Eds., p.295, Pergamon Press, 1990, incorporated herein by reference).

This allows the formulation of low viscosity (50-100 cps) liquids thatare phase stable while containing complex mixed surfactant system.Formulations with these solvatropes are more stable at low temperaturesand at freeze thaw conditions (i.e., especially when tested in cycletests between 0 to 30° F.).

Many solvatropes may be used among them, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol(TMPD), 1,2-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD). Other compositionsuseful as solvatropes are the principal solvent materials, especiallymono-ol and diol principal solvents, having a ClogP of from about 0.15to about 0.64, described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/983,542(P&G Case 6009rx) entitled “Clear Fabric Softener CompositionsContaining Biodegradable Active and Specific Mono-ols” filed in the nameof Trinh, et al. (PCT Publication No. WO 97/03169, published Jan. 30,1997). It is believed that C₅-C₁₀ diols may also be useful herein. Inaddition, this publication contains a listing of derivatives of diolsthat can also be used as principal solvents.

Other materials which are suitable for use as solvatropes areethoxylated TMPD, 1,4 cyclohexanedimethanol as described in thefollowing Witco Corporation patents: U.S. Pat. No. 5,674,832 entitled“Cationic Compositions Containing Diol and/or Diol Alkoxylate” issued inthe name of Keys on Oct. 7, 1997; U.S. Pat. No. 5,686,023 entitled“C₇-C₁₂ Diol and Diol Alkoxylates as Coupling Agents for SurfactantFormulations” issued in the name of Keys on Nov. 11, 1997; and U.S. Pat.No. 5,753,079 entitled “Obtaining Enhanced Paper Production UsingCationic Compositions Containing Diol and/or Diol Alkoxylate” issued inthe name of Jenny, et al. on May 19, 1998; and in U.S. Pat. No.5,824,635 entitled “Cationic Compositions Containing Hydroxyester”issued in the name of Keys on Oct. 20, 1998. Finally, there is anothersolvatrope, ethoxylated phenol described in EP Patent Publication1018541 A1 entitled “Clear Fabric Softener Compositions” published inthe name of Fender, et al. by Goldschmidt Rewo GmbH & Co. that can beused.

In one embodiment, the solvatrope is a mixture of2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in aweight ratio of from about 80:20 to about 50:50, more preferably in aweight ratio of about 75:25.

The use of co-solvatropes can also be effective, such as 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), alcohol ethoxylate (C₉-C₁₁ EO5), and other nonionicmaterials.

High levels of electrolytes, e.g., 1.5% to 3% CaCl₂ or MgCl₂, allow theuse of much broader range of solvatropes (widened the Clog P range) andallow the use of a lower level of solvatrope. For example, hexyleneglycol can be used which is relatively inexpensive and available in themarket.

Other Components—Other optional ingredients for the compositions hereininclude but are not limited to: fatty acid carboxylate builders, sudssuppressors, including silicone suds suppressors, hydrotropes,antibacterial agents, additional enzyme stabilizers and perfumes.Especially desirable are fabric color protection agents. The pH of thecomposition as disclosed here is preferably between about 5 and about 9.

Application of the Wash Pretreatment Composition to the Garments

The wash pretreatment composition is preferably distributed over thesurface of a stained area of the garment by the use of an applicator(described in greater detail herein) after which the stained area of thegarment is optionally rinsed off with water.

The Combination Washing/Conditioning Composition

The present invention also relates to a washing/conditioning compositionwhich provides not only detersive and cleaning benefits on dry-cleanonly garments but preferably also through-the-wash softening andconditioning. This greatly enhances the convenience of the overallprocess to the consumer because the conditioning agent is added at thebeginning of the wash cycle and does not need to be added subsequentlyduring the rinse cycle. In addition to its cleaning benefits, thecombination washing/conditioning solution provides a number of importantbenefits: such as improved color fidelity, improved abrasion resistanceand excessive wrinkling prevention. Fabric softeners also help maintainfabric softness of garments such as silk, which can have a rough feelafter being washed in an aqueous laundry detergent. Thus particularlyimportant for the present combination washing/conditioning compositionare additives which act as anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkle agents,anti-abrasion agents, fabric crisping agents and other fabric colorprotection agents.

Many of the ingredients for one embodiment of the washing/conditioningcomposition have been described above in the section on the washpretreatment composition and will not be duplicated here. In addition tothose ingredients, the following optional and essential ingredients willbe selected by the skilled formulator for use in thewashing/conditioning composition. Still further ingredients suitable foruse in the present invention are further disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,460,736, Trinh et al., issued Oct. 24, 1995; U.S. Pat. No. 5,545,350,Baker et al., issued Aug. 13, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,562,849, Wahl etal., issued Oct. 8, 1996; all of which are hereby incorporated byreference.

Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants—As an essential component, thecombination washing/conditioning compositions herein preferably containfrom about 1% to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about 7%, morepreferably from about 3% to about 5% by weight of a quaternary ammoniumsurfactant of the formula:

wherein R₁ and R₂ are individually selected from the group consisting ofC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ hydroxy alkyl, benzyl, and —(C₂H₄O)_(x)H where x hasa value from about 2 to about 5; X is an anion; and (1) R₃ and R₄ areeach a C₆-C₁₄ alkyl or (2) R₃ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, and R₄ is selected fromthe group consisting of C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, C₁-C₁₀ hydroxyalkyl, benzyl, and—(C₂H₄O)_(x)H where x has a value from 2 to 5.

Preferred quaternary ammonium surfactants are the chloride, bromide, andmethylsulfate salts. Examples of preferred mono-long chain alkylquaternary ammonium surfactants are those wherein R₁, R₂, and R₄ areeach methyl and R₃ is a C₈-C₁₆ alkyl; or wherein R₃ is C₈₋₁₈ alkyl andR₁, R₂, and R₄ are selected from methyl and hydroxyalkyl moieties.Lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, myristyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride, palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, coconuttrimethylammonium chloride, coconut trimethylammonium methylsulfate,coconut dimethyl-monohydroxy-ethylammonium chloride, coconutdimethyl-monohydroxyethylammonium methylsulfate, stearyldimethyl-monohydroxy-ethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethyl-monohydroxyethylammonium methylsulfate, di-C₁₂-C₁₄ alkyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof are particularlypreferred.

Ratio of Anionic Surfactants to Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants—Anionicsurfactants and quaternary ammonium surfactants are both essentialcomponents of the present invention. When they are present togetherwithin a certain weight ratio they form a mixed micellar system withinthe composition so that while the washing/conditioning composition issufficiently viscous to suspend silicone softening agent emulsions andother polymers, the compositions are simultaneously not so viscous andthick that they cannot be easily and conveniently poured out of adetergent bottle in which they are contained.

In order to achieve the optimum balance of phase stability/suspensionbenefits and product viscosity it is preferable that the weight ratio ofanionic surfactants to quaternary ammonium surfactants be from about 2:1to about 5:1 or 6:1, preferably from about 2.2:1 to about 5.5:1.

In a preferred embodiment, the formulation comprises 14.4% AE1.1S (alkylalkoxy sulfates), 3% C₁₂ trimethyl ammonium chloride (lauryl trimethylammonium chloride, a cationic surfactant) (anionic/cationicratio=4.8:1), and 3% trimethylpentanediol. This embodiment delivers astable product with AE1.1S anionic surfactant under a wide range oftemperature conditions. This formulation is phase stable at temperaturesranging from 40° F. to 120° F. for over four months, and avoidscrystallization at low temperatures. Improved stability is achievedwithout decreasing the cleaning, color care, garment wetting, sudsreduction, or ease-of-ironing benefits of the system.

Enzymes—As discussed above, enzymes enhance cleaning and removal on awide variety of stains, including protein-based, carbohydrate-based, ortriglyceride-based stains. In the present combinationwashing/conditioning compositions, certain enzymes also provide fabricrestorative benefits by decomposing and degrading the loose and frayedfibers on the surface of a textile article, particularly textilearticles made from silk or wool. Mannanase enzymes and amylase enzymesare also preferred for use in the washing/cleaning compositions becauseof their stain removal benefits. As mentioned above, enzymes such ascellulases and peroxidases are less desirable.

A particularly preferred amylase enzyme is NATALASE® which can bespecified as an a-amylase having a specific activity at least 25% higherthan the specific activity of Termamylâ at a temperature range of 25° C.to 55° C. and at a pH value in the range of 8 to 10, measured by thePhadebasâ α-amylase activity assay.

Silicone Softening Agents and Emulsions Thereof—The combinationwashing/conditioning composition may also include a variety of siliconeoils (preferably prepared in the form of an emulsion) which have beendiscovered to impart a significantly smoother feel to most types offabrics and also significantly reduce the amount of wrinkle formation.The silicone softening agent may or may not be present in the form of anemulsion.

Silicone softening agents include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes whichconform to the following formula:

where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can besubstituted or unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000.Suitable unsubstituted R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, arylalkyl,arylalkenyl, alkylamine, and ether-substituted, hydroxyl-substituted,and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl groups. Suitable R groupsalso include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.

The aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain may haveany structure so long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at roomtemperature, are hydrophobic, are neither damaging or otherwise harmfulwhen applied to textile articles, are compatible with the othercomponents of the detergent composition, are chemically stable undernormal use and storage conditions and are capable of being deposited onand conditioning textile articles according to the methods outlined inthe present invention.

The two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit mayrepresent the same or different groups. Preferably, the two R groupsrepresent the same group.

Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C₁-C₅ alkyls and alkenyls,more preferably from C₁-C₄, most preferably from C₁-C₂. The aliphaticportions of other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups (suchas alkoxy, arylalkyl, and alkylamino) can be straight or branched chainsand preferably have from one to five carbon atoms, more preferably fromone to four carbon atoms, even more preferably from one to three carbonatoms, most preferably from one to two carbon atoms.

Further suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl,methylphenyl and phenylmethyl. The preferred silicones arepolydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane.Polydimethylsiloxane is especially preferred. Other suitable R groupsinclude methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, polyethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy. Thethree R groups on the end caps of the silicone may also represent thesame or different groups.

Other preferred silicones include nonionic polyalkylene oxide-modifiedpolydimethylsiloxanes which are especially effective at wrinklereduction. Such silicone fluids are available from the OSI SpecialtiesCompany under the name SILWET®. SILWET® L77, which is a mixture of 84%polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and 16%allyloxypolyethyleneglycol methyl ether, is particularly preferred.

Further discussion and examples of silicone oils suitable for use may befound in U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,073, to Kaiser et al., issued on Feb. 23,1999 , which is hereby incorporated by reference. It may be desirable toincorporate emulsifiers at concentrations effective for emulsifying thesilicone conditioning agents. (As used herein, “emulsifiers” includesuspending agents.) Emulsifiers and suspending agents are discussed infurther detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,073 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208,both of which are incorporated above. Particularly preferred areemulsifying surfactants disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,208, which areadded to the silicone fluid to form an emulsion

Cyclic Amine Based Polymer, Oligomer or Copolymer Materials—It ispreferred that the combination washing/conditioning compositioncomprises one or more cyclic amine based polymer, oligomer or copolymer.Such materials have been found to impart a number of appearance benefitsto fabrics and textiles laundered in aqueous washing solutions formedfrom detergent compositions which contain a mixture of cyclic aminebased polymers, oligomers or copolymers and hydrophobically modifiedcellulosic based polymers or oligomers fabric treatment materials. Suchfabric appearance benefits can include, for example, improved overallappearance of the laundered fabrics, reduction of the formation of pillsand fuzz, protection against color fading, improved abrasion resistance,etc. The cyclic amine based fabric treatment materials used in thecompositions and methods herein can provide such fabric appearancebenefits with acceptably little or no loss in cleaning performanceprovided by the laundry detergent compositions into which such materialsare incorporated.

The cyclic amine based polymer, oligomer or copolymer component of thecompositions herein may comprise combinations of these cyclic aminebased materials. For example, a mixture of piperidine and epihalohydrincondensates can be combined with a mixture of morpholine andepihalohydrin condensates to achieve the desired fabric treatmentresults. Moreover, the molecular weight of cyclic amine based fabrictreatment materials can vary within the mixture as is illustrated in theExamples below.

As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, an oligomer is amolecule consisting of only a few monomer units while polymers compriseconsiderably more monomer units. For the present invention, oligomersare defined as molecules having an average molecular weight below about1,000 and polymers are molecules having an average molecular weight ofgreater than about 1,000. Copolymers are polymers or oligomers whereintwo or more dissimilar monomers have been simultaneously or sequentiallypolymerized. Copolymers of the present invention can include, forexample, polymers or oligomers polymerized from a mixture of a primarycyclic amine based monomer, e.g., piperidine, and a secondary cyclicamine monomer, e.g., morpholine.

The mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers andhydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers of thedetergent compositions herein will generally comprise from about 0.01%to about 5% by the weight of the detergent composition. More preferably,the mixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers andhydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers willcomprise from about 0.1% to about 4% by weight of the detergentcompositions, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%. However, asdiscussed above, when used as a washing solution additive, i.e. whenmixture of cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers andhydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers are notincorporated into a detergent composition, the concentration of mixtureof cyclic amine based polymers, oligomers or copolymers andhydrophobically modified cellulosic based polymers or oligomers cancomprise from about 0.1% to about 80% by weight of the additivematerial.

Preferred cyclic amine based polymer, oligomer or copolymer materialswhich are suitable for use in laundry operations and provide the desiredfabric appearance and integrity benefits are described in further detailin the copending provisional patent application of Panandiker et al.,entitled “Laundry Detergent Compositions With A Combination Of CyclicAmine Based Polymers And Hydrophobically Modified Carboxy MethylCellulose,” having Ser. No. 60/148,053, P&G Case No. 7292P2, filed onAug. 10, 1999, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Leather Conditioner

In certain embodiments, the cleaning composition, such as thecombination washing/conditioning composition may further comprise anoptional leather conditioner if it is desired to wash garments orarticles, such as coats, jackets, etc. that are comprised partially orentirely of leather and/or suede. In such a case, the cleaningcomposition may comprise a conditioning system. The conditioning systemmay comprises one or more conditioning agents.

The conditioning system preferably has a pH, as determined in a 10%aqueous solution of the neat conditioning system, in the range of fromabout 2.5 to about 10, more preferably from about 3 to about 8, mostpreferably from about 5 to about 7.

The viscosity of the conditioning system is preferably from about 0.5 toabout 10,000, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 1000, mostpreferably from about 1 to about 100 cps.

Conditioning Agents—In order to achieve conditioning of garments orarticles containing leather or suede, it may be desirable to use one ormore conditioning agents during the cleaning process.

The conditioning agent(s) can be used independently of the othercomponents, described herein, that may be within the cleaningcomposition (i.e., surfactants, etc.), or the conditioning agents can becombined with one or more other components of the cleaning compositions.

The conditioning agents useful in the cleaning compositions can be anyconditioning agent that mitigates damage to garments or articlescontaining leather or suede as a result of washing the garments orarticles in an aqueous medium and/or maintain, restores, or improves thesoftness, suppleness and/or flexibility of the leather or suede afterwashing the garments or articles in an aqueous medium.

Suitable conditioning agents useful in the methods and compositions ofthe present invention include, but are not limited to, acrylic syntansand other hydrophobically modified polymers, silicones, fluorocarbons,fatliquors, lecithin, fluoropolymers, sucrose polyesters, oils, waxes,quaternary ammonium salts and mixtures thereof. Preferably, theconditioning agents are selected from the group consisting of acrylicsyntans and other hydrophobically modified polymers, silicones,fatliquors, lecithin, fluoropolymers, sucrose polyesters, oils, waxes,quaternary ammonium salts and mixtures thereof. More preferably, theconditioning agents are selected from the group consisting of acrylicsyntans and other hydrophobically modified polymers, silicones andmixtures thereof. Most preferably, the conditioning agents are acrylicsyntans.

Suitable hydrophobically modified polymers include, but are not limitedto, partially esterified polyacrylate (acrylic syntan), glycoproteinsand cellulose derivatives.

Preferred acryclic syntans have the following formula:

wherein R is independently C₈-C₂₀ alkyl, and X and Y are independentintegers. Preferably, the X/Y ratio is from about 0.05 to about 100,more preferably from about 0.5 to about 50, most preferably from about 1to about 20.

In addition to the above defined ratios for acrylic syntan compounds,proton NMR methodology can be used to evaluate other potentialhydrophobically modified polymers. Wherein the ratio of “hydrophilic”protons (H's attached to C adjacent to O (approximately δ 3.0-4.1 ppm))to “hydrophobic” protons (H's attached to C non-adjacent to O(approximately δ 0.5-2.0 ppm)) is from about 0.05 to about 100, morepreferably from about 0.5 to about 50, most preferably from about 1 toabout 20.

One of the main advantages of the acrylic syntans is that, they bothsoften and retan the leather. While not to be bound by the theory, it isbelieved that the syntan polymer deposits and lubricates the leatherfiber. This reduces the friction between the leather fiber and fibrilsthus makes the leather soft and supple. Besides softening, the polymeralso stabilize the leather by fixing other tanning agents such aschromium.

Another advantage of the acrylic syntan compounds is to maintain and/orminimally disturb the water absorption properties of the leather andsuede portions of the garments or articles. This tends to reduce themoisture level inside the garment or article.

Typical acrylic syntan compounds have both hydrophobic and hydrophiliccharacteristics. Commercially available acrylic syntans are availablefrom Rohm & Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pa., under the tradenamesLEUKOTAN® and LUBRITAN®, preferred acrylic syntans available from Rohm &Haas Company are LEUKOTAN® NS3 and LUBRITAN® AS, a highly preferredacrylic syntan available from Rohm & Haas Company is LUBRITAN® AS.

Oftentimes, the conditioning agents include organic solvents, such asbutoxy propanol. The conditioning agents which can be used herein cancontain organic solvents or be organic solvent-free.

Emulsifying agents can be added to stabilize the syntan dispersionsolutions. Common anionic, cationic, nonionic, ampholytic andzwitterionic surfactants can all be used for this purpose.

Silicone compounds are well known for their lubrication capabilities.Either unmodified PDMS (PolyDiMethyl Siloxane) or organo-PDMS can beused for the present invention. Nonlimiting examples include GE CM2233,SM2658, or Dow Coming 51. Additionally, polyalkyleneoxide modifiedpolydimethylsiloxane available under the tradename SILWET-7500 from OsiSpecialties can also be used in the compositions of the presentinvention.

Fatliquors are historically used in the tanning industry to soften theleather. They generally are vegetable, animal and marine fats or a blendof these. Often it is partially sulfated or sulfonated so that it can bedispersed evenly in an aqueous medium and penetrate leather effectively.Sometimes surfactants are added to emulsify the oil. Nonlimitingexamples of the fatliquors are Chemol 45 and Chemol 130 by Chemtan Co.

Suitable fluorocarbon polymers include, but are not limited to, F84, F89and F3700 fluoropolymers from Mitsubishi International Corp.

Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds useful as conditioning agentsinclude, but are not limited to, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Commercial lecithins, or phospholipid compounds are used to soften andcure leathers. It also can be used as an emulsifying agent during thefatliquoring step to aid the penetration of fatliquor compounds.Nonlimiting examples of such materials are Centrolene A and CentrophaseHR2B commercially available from Central Soya Company.

Suitable sucrose esters of fatty acids can be used as fat substitutes tolubricate the surfaces of garments or articles containing leather.

Preferred Form of Conditioning System

The conditioning system can be in the form of aerosol gas, liquid,powder, gel and/or tablet. Preferably, the conditioning system is aliquid. The conditioning system can be applied to one or more garmentsor articles either in association with the cleaning composition orseparately by itself.

Preferred Means of Delivering Conditioning System

Conditioning agents can be applied either as part of the cleaningcomposition (2 in 1) or added separately. Further, one or moreconditioning agents may be applied to one or more surfaces of a garmentor article via a wash solution (“Through the Wash”) containing theconditioning agents. Further yet, one or more conditioning agents may beapplied to one or more surfaces of a garment or article after washingthe garment or article (post-treat).

Polymeric Soil Release Agent—Soil release agents may also be used. Ifso, they will generally comprise from about 0.01% to about 10.0%, byweight, of the detergent compositions herein, typically from about 0. 1%to about 5%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 3.0%.

Any polymeric soil release agent known to those skilled in the art canoptionally be employed in the compositions and processes of thisinvention. Polymeric soil release agents are characterized by havingboth hydrophilic segments, to hydrophilize the surface of hydrophobicfibers, such as polyester and its blends, and hydrophobic segments, todeposit upon hydrophobic fibers and remain adhered thereto throughcompletion of washing and rinsing cycles and thus, serve as an anchorfor the hydrophilic segments. This can enable stains occurringsubsequent to treatment with the soil release agent to be more easilycleaned in later washing procedures.

The polymeric soil release agents useful herein especially include thosesoil release agents having: (a) one or more nonionic hydrophilecomponents consisting essentially of (i) polyoxyethylene segments with adegree of polymerization of at least 2, or (ii) oxypropylene orpolyoxypropylene segments with a degree of polymerization of from 2 to10, wherein said hydrophile segment does not encompass any oxypropyleneunit unless it is bonded to adjacent moieties at each end by etherlinkages, or (iii) a mixture of oxyalkylene units comprising oxyethyleneand from 1 to about 30 oxypropylene units wherein said mixture containsa sufficient amount of oxyethylene units such that the hydrophilecomponent has hydrophilicity great enough to increase the hydrophilicityof conventional polyester synthetic fiber surfaces upon deposit of thesoil release agent on such surface, said hydrophile segments preferablycomprising at least about 25% oxyethylene units and more preferably,especially for such components having about 20 to 30 oxypropylene units,at least about 50% oxyethylene units; or (b) one or more hydrophobecomponents comprising (i) C₃ oxyalkylene terephthalate segments,wherein, if said hydrophobe components also comprise oxyethyleneterephthalate, the ratio of oxyethylene terephthalate: C₃ oxyalkyleneterephthalate units is about 2:1 or lower, (ii) C₄-C₆ alkylene or oxyC₄-C₆ alkylene segments, or mixtures therein, (iii) poly (vinyl ester)segments, preferably polyvinyl acetate), having a degree ofpolymerization of at least 2, or (iv) C₁-C₄ alkyl ether or C₄hydroxyalkyl ether substituents, or mixtures therein, wherein saidsubstituents are present in the form of C₁-C₄ alkyl ether or C₄hydroxyalkyl ether cellulose derivatives, or mixtures therein, and suchcellulose derivatives are amphiphilic, whereby they have a sufficientlevel of C₁-C₄ alkyl ether and/or C₄ hydroxyalkyl ether units to depositupon conventional polyester synthetic fiber surfaces and retain asufficient level of hydroxyls, once adhered to such conventionalsynthetic fiber surface, to increase fiber surface hydrophilicity, or acombination of (a) and (b).

Other suitable polymeric soil release agents are disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 5,415,807, issued May 16, 1995 to Gosselink, which is herebyincorporated by reference.

Combinations of Fabric Care Components—While they may be effectivelyused separately, it is preferred that cyclic amine basedpolymer/oligomer/copolymer materials and dye transfer inhibiting agentssuch as polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers,copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganesephthalocyanine and peroxidases (described above in the section on washpretreatment compositions) be used in combination to provide optimumsuppression of dye-transfer between garments, particularly in mixedcolored loads (i.e. mixed light and dark-colored fabrics).

Other Cleaning Compositions

Non-limiting examples of cleaning compositions in the form of a foam ormousse are described in European Patent Application 0 677 577 A1entitled “Foamed Cleaning Compositions and Method of Treating TextileFabrics”, published Oct. 18, 1995 in the name of J. Wevers (P&G CaseCM683FM); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,925,608 and 6,021,926 entitled “PackagedFoaming Composition”, issued to Michael Spruyt, et al. on Jul. 20, 1999and Feb. 8, 2000, respectively (P&G Case CM981F); European PatentApplication 0 753 557 A1 entitled “Packaged Foaming Composition”,published in the name of J. Wevers (P&G Case CM 982F); European PatentApplication 0 753 558 A1 entitled “Packaged Foaming Composition”,published Jan. 15, 1997 in the name of P. Etesse (P&G Case CM983F);European Patent Application 0 753 559 A1 entitled “Method of CleaningTextile Fabrics”, published Jan. 15, 1997 in the name of J. H. Verbiest,et al. (P&G Case CM984F); and U.S. Pat. No. 5,853,618 entitled “Foam”,issued Dec. 29, 1998 to C. L. Barker, et al. (P&G Case CM985F).

Introduction of the Combination Washing/Conditioning Composition Intothe Cleaning Process

The combination washing/conditioning composition can be introduced intothe washing process in any suitable manner. The following are somenon-limiting manners in which the combination washing/conditioningcomposition can be introduced into the washing process. In oneembodiment, the combination washing/conditioning composition can bepoured into the washing machine in the same manner as conventionaldetergents.

In another embodiment, the composition can be applied directly to thegarments to be cleaned. The cleaning composition can be applied to thegarment in any suitable manner including, but not limited to thefollowing: (a) applying a liquid cleaning composition onto the garmentwith a brush; (b) drizzling a liquid cleaning composition onto thegarment; (c) spraying the cleaning composition onto the garment; (d)applying the cleaning composition onto the garment with a roller; (e)applying the cleaning composition onto the garment by padding; (f)dispensing a foam cleaning composition onto the garment; and, (g)dusting a powder cleaning composition onto the garment.

In another embodiment, the composition can be applied to an articlewhich is placed inside of the flexible wrap container, and the flexiblewrap container with the article inside can be placed in the washingmachine together. There are a non-limiting number of variations of thislatter embodiment. For example, in one variation, the composition can beapplied to a dosing pad, and the dosing pad can be placed in theflexible wrap container with the garments to be cleaned.

The dosing pad can be of any suitable size and configuration. Forexample, the dosing pad can be of a size that ranges up to, or evenlarger than, the size of one of the panels of the flexible wrapcontainer. In one non-limiting embodiment, the dosing pad is arectangular pad or sheet having a dosing area demarcated thereonmeasuring 4 cm×40 cm. The dosing pad can be made of any suitablematerial (preferably, without any dyes) that is capable of retaining thedetergent composition when it is applied, and then releasing thedetergent composition during the wash cycle. For example, the dosing padmay be a nonwoven web or a foam sheet. The dosing pad can be placed intothe wrap in any suitable manner in any suitable location. In onenon-limiting embodiment, the dosing pad is positioned in the toptriangle of the garment wrap, and sewn on the wrap. The detergent mousseis preferably applied to the dosing area of the dosing pad by applyingthe mousse using a single motion to the dosing area using a foamdispenser, preferably a pressurized container, one non-limiting exampleof which is an aerosol can.

In other variations of this latter embodiment, the cleaning compositioncan be applied to an article which is placed inside of the flexible wrapcontainer, or the cleaning composition can be inserted into the flexiblewrap container in other manners. Such other manners include, but are notlimited to: applying the cleaning composition into the washing machineusing a material with a dry or wet cleaning composition thereon (e.g.,on a dry or wet sheet); and, rolling or folding the flexible wrapcontainer and then injecting, or otherwise inserting, the cleaningcomposition into the folded wrap.

The Flexible Wrap Container

The action of the agitator in a clothes washer has long been known toexpose delicate fabrics to sufficient abrasion and stress that severedamage can occur as a result. As a result, bags have been developedwhich can be used in a washing machine to protect these garments fromabrasion and stress. Nonetheless these have proved unsatisfactory for avariety of reasons. First, they are generally too small to containanything but one or two small garments-and even then may bunch-up thegarments and exacerbate wrinkling and shape loss. Second, many of thesebags do not have a reliable closure means, and so the bag often comesopen during washing, depriving the garments of the protection the bag issupposed to provide and likely increasing the abrasion and wear on thegarments. Third, these bags are often constructed to have an outer shellmade of a grid-like netting which allows contact between the wash liquorand the garment to provide cleaning benefits; but this grid-like patterncan also leave an identical grid impression on the garments containedinside. Such a pattern may be difficult to iron out.

One embodiment of flexible wrap container (“wrap”) made in accordancewith the present invention which remedies many of these problems isshown in FIGS. 1, 1A and 2. The wrap 122 can be of any suitable size andshape. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 1A, and 2, the wrap 122comprises a single, preferably rectangular, panel 100. The dimensions ofthe panel 100 are such that the width will be about 30.5 cm to about91.4 cm and the length will be about 55 cm to about 117 cm; morepreferred is a width of about 40.6 cm to about 81 cm and a length ofabout 66 cm to about 107 cm and most preferred is a width of about 51 cmto about 71 cm and a length of about 76 cm to about 97 cm. In arectangular embodiment as depicted in FIG. 1, the distance from the topedge of the panel 102 to the bottom edge of the panel 101 is preferablygreater than the distance from the right edge of the panel 103 to theleft edge of the panel 104.

The wrap 122 preferably further comprises one or more straps 108 whichare attached adjacent to the top edge of the panel 102. At an end ofeach strap is a first fastening device 109 which is fixably andpermanently attached to each strap 108 so that its position on the strapdoes not change. A second fastening device 106 is preferably attached toeach strap by passing the strap through the fastening device in such away that changing its position on the strap, the length of the strap 105can be increased or decreased. The first and second fastening devicescooperate to secure the flexible wrap container in a roll-like shapeduring use (see, e.g., FIG. 7), or a folded shape (see, e.g., FIGS.16-19). Additionally, two pockets 110 are preferably attached adjacentto the top edge of the panel in the manner shown by FIGS. 1, 1A, 2 and3. As discussed more fully hereafter, the pockets 110 can be used forstoring the straps and fastening devices when they are not needed.

The fastening devices used herein are preferably reusable mechanicalfasteners. Any reusable mechanical fastener or fastening means can beused. Non-limiting examples include: fasteners wherein said first andsecond fastening devices, together, comprise a hook and loop(VELCRO®-type) fastener; hook fasteners such as described in U.S. Pat.No. 5,058,247 to Thomas & Blaney issued Oct. 22, 1991; fasteners whereinsaid first and second fastening devices, together, comprise a hook andstring type fastener; fasteners wherein said first and second fasteningdevices, together, comprise a toggle-type fastener; fasteners whereinsaid first and second fastening devices, together, form a snap-typefastener; as well as hook and eye fasteners, zipper-type fasteners,releasable buckle type fasteners as used in U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,141, toKim, issued Jul. 19, 1994, and the like, so long as the fasteners willnot cause tearing or abrasion of the garments contained inside the bag.As will be apparent, a single fastening device can also be utilized withone or more straps to secure the wrap container in its rolled or foldedconfiguration.

The flexible wrap container may be constructed from any suitablematerial, including, but not limited to: woven materials, nets, scrims,and nonwoven materials. The structural elements or members (e.g., thestrands, fibers, threads, yarns, etc.) of the wrap can also comprise anysuitable material or materials. Suitable materials for these structuralcomponents of the wrap include, but are not limited to: nylon,polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, and combinations thereof. Thestructural components of the wrap 122 may also be coated with anysuitable material, such as an acrylic material. The material(s)comprising the wrap can be in one or more layers. If more than one layerof material is used, the (structural components of the) layers can becomprised of the same material, or a different material. The layers maycomprise the same type of structure, or a different type of structure.If more than one layer of material is used, the layers can be joinedtogether directly or indirectly by any known method of joining known.The flexible wrap is preferably constructed to have a density greaterthan the density of water at standard temperature and pressure so thatthe flexible wrap container is more likely to sink in the wash water andthus will provide better wetting and rinsing to a garment containedtherein. The material should be flexible, yet durable enough to be usedfor multiple uses. To ensure that water can easily penetrate through thewrap material to contact the articles of clothing contained inside, thewrap 122 is preferably provided with a series or plurality of holes orother openings, or the wrap material should be permeable to water.

If the wrap 122 is provided with holes or openings, the size and numberof openings are preferably sufficiently large to allow water and anycleaning solution that is outside of the wrap 122 to wet the garments tobe cleaned, as well as to allow dirt particles to be carried away fromthe garments. The holes or openings, are preferably not so large thatportions of the garments to be cleaned are overly exposed to damage inthe washing machine, or are marked with the pattern of the wrap.

The wrap 122 is preferably flexible enough that the garments containedtherein are subjected to a degree of mechanical agitation to assist incleaning the garments, but sufficiently stiff that the wrap contains thegarment and the garments will not be subjected to undue wrinkling,abrasion, and shrinkage.

The flexibility (or stiffness) of the wrap materials described hereinare measured using the Taber Stiffness measurement (ASTM D5342). Thestiffness of the wrap material can be measured in one direction relativeto the weave or knit of the wrap material, or it can be measured in twodirections (such as, in the case of a square weave, in a first directionparallel to the warp yarns or, and in a second direction at a rightangle thereto (e.g., parallel to the weft yarns). If the stiffness ofthe wrap material is measured in two directions, the Taber stiffnessmeasured in two directions can be averaged. The wrap material preferablyhas a stiffness in one direction, as well as an average stiffness in twodirections, of between about 3 and about 90 Taber stiffness units, morepreferably between about 10 and about 50 Taber stiffness units. Thelower end of the above range can also be higher than 3 Taber stiffnessunits. For example, the lower end can be any number within the range(e.g., 4, 5, 6, . . . , etc., 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60,65, 70, or 75) even though the number is not specifically stated herein.

A few non-limiting examples of suitable materials for the wrap are awoven, three-dimensional material known as double needle bar (DNB), anda woven acrylic coated polyester (ACP) mesh material. In one embodiment,the DNB is a material manufactered by Autotech in Spain and obtainedfrom Milliken & Company, Spartanburg, S.C., USA. This double needle barmaterial has an average Taber stiffness (using four samples) in a firstdirection of 12, and an average Taber stiffness (using four samples) ina second direction at right angles thereto, of 13.

The woven acrylic coated polyester (ACP) material is preferred becauseit is somewhat stiffer than the DNB material, and without wishing to bebound to any particular theory, as a result is believed to be betterable to contain and keep the garments in tension in thecondition/position in which they are originally placed in the wrap andreduce movement of garments inside the wrap during the washing process,while allowing water and cleaning solution easily enter through itsporous structure. This has led to improvements in reducing wrinkling,abrasion, and shrinkage of the garments after washing. The woven acryliccoated polyester material has the desired stiffness in a structure thathas very little thickness or three-dimensionality to it. This is incontrast to the Double Needle Bar material, which is comprised of threedifferent thread types to give it the appearance of three layers, inwhich each “layer” is very flexible, but when combined together into arelatively thick three-dimensional structure, has a stiffness greaterthan any of the “layers” alone. The woven acrylic coated polyestermaterial is a single layer material with one thread type, and can, thus,be considered to be a two-dimensional material.

The stiffness of materials used in the wrap can be varied in mannersknown to those skilled in the art of making such materials. For example,the addition of the acrylic coating provides additional stiffness. Inaddition, modified weaving/knitting patterns and/or type of yarn orthread used to weave or knit a fabric can increase or decrease thestiffness of the wrap.

Preferred woven acrylic coated polyester materials are material numbers961376 and 961377 obtained from Milliken & Company of Spartanburg, S.C.The threads of these materials preferably have a diameter of betweenabout 0.1 mm and about 0.3 mm, and more preferably have an ovalcross-section with a minor diameter of about 0.14 mm and a majordiameter of about 0.23 mm. One of these materials (961377) has squareshaped openings in the weave that are approximately 1 mm×1 mm in size.The total open area of this material is approximately 0.6 mm²/mm² (openarea in mm² per square mm of material). This material is stretchable inone direction, but not in a direction at a right angle thereto. Theother material (961376) has rectangular openings that are approximately1.5 mm×2 mm. This material is approximately 0.5 mm thick. The total openarea of this material is approximately 0.7 mm²/mm².

The wrap can optionally be comprised of materials that reduce anypotential for the wrap to absorb fugitive dyes from the garments beingwashed therein. The wrap can, for example, have a soil release polymer,or other material having this property included therein, or providedthereon in any suitable manner. For instance, a soil release polymer ofthe type described herein may be coated on the structural elementscomprising the wrap (e.g., the yarns). In another non-limiting example,a soil release polymer can be incorporated into the material comprisingthe structural elements of the wrap prior to or during the formation ofthose structural elements. In still another example, a soil releasepolymer can be incorporated into any coating that is provided on thestructural elements of the wrap (e.g., the soil release elements can beincorporated into the acrylic coating). Providing the wrap with suchmaterials will reduce the potential for the wrap to absorb fugitive dyesand change color, and help assure the user of the wrap that the wrap isnot removing dyes from the garments being washed, or transferring suchdyes to other garments.

The manner in which the wrap is used in the present invention isstraightforward. A garment 120 is placed on the panel portion of thewrap 100 with suitable care exercised so that no part of a garment isoutside the dimensions of the panel. After placing the garment on thepanel, the wrap may in one embodiment then be rolled, starting at thebottom edge of the panel 101, as one would roll a sleeping bag forstorage purposes after being used. The wrap should not be so tightlyrolled that the garment inside might be subject to excessive wrinkling.When rolling is completed the wrap 122 should be in the spiral shape asillustrated by FIG. 7. As seen in FIG. 7, the length of each strap hasbeen adjusted so that when the first and second fastening devices areengaged, the straps are tightly securing the rolled wrap.

Alternatively, the wrap may be folded rather than rolled. FIGS. 16 to 19show a non-limiting embodiment of a folded wrap where the wrap is foldedtwice to form a four layer structure. The wrap may be folded in anyother suitable manner. For example, the wrap can be folded in half, orthe wrap may be folded into a three or more layer structure. Folding thewrap instead of rolling it may, in some washing machines (especiallyJapanese washing machines) tend to reduce the wrinkling of the garmentsafter washing.

Located adjacent to the bottom edge of the panel are at least two,preferably at least four, connecting means 107 which in a preferredembodiment are snap-type buttons. The wraps are constructed in such away that an enlarged wrap 125 may be constructed by attaching two wrapsto each other via the connecting means 107 located adjacent to thebottom edge of each panel. This construction can be seen in FIG. 2. Whenthe wraps are so connected, the panel of one wrap partially overlaps thepanel of the other wrap as can be seen in FIG. 2. An enlarged wrap 125can accommodate larger garments (such as a dress 121) than a single wrap122.

When two wraps are attached to each other via the connecting means 107located adjacent to the bottom edge of each panel as in the alternateembodiment depicted in FIG. 2, there are an extra set of straps 108 andfirst and second fastening devices 106, 109. The straps and thefastening devices are then placed for storage in the nearest attachedpocket 110.

In a preferred embodiment, the wrap further consists of two flaps111,112. The flaps are attached to the panel along the right edge of thepanel 103 and along the left edge of the panel 104. Each flap has asurface area of from about ½ to 1 times the surface area of the panel towhich it is attached. So when the flaps are folded inwardly and laid ontop of the panel area, they completely cover the panel, essentiallyadding a second panel layer to the wrap. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1, 1A and 2, each flap has a mating sinusoidal design. The matingsinusoidal shape contributes to the overall integrity of the rolled wrapby fitting the two flaps 111, 112 more securely to each other than ifthe flaps had a conventional rectangular shape, and is believed toreduce the buckling of the wrap and wrinkling of the garments containedtherein. FIG. 1A shows these two flaps: one being folded out 111 and onebeing folded over the panel 112. The flaps 111,112 and the panel 100 arealso equipped with attaching devices 114 which are located adjacent tothe top edge of the panel 102. When attached to each other theseattaching devices secure the flaps to the panel 100.

In one embodiment of the present invention the wrap is constructed fromfour different layers as is shown in FIG. 4. These four layers provide asignificant amount of cushioning to the delicate garments which may beplaced inside. The panel 100 is a layered material, comprising a corematerial 131 between a first layer material 130 and a second layermaterial 132, the core material being polyester, the first layermaterial and the second layer material being nylon and the first flapand second flap each constructed from polyester. Optionally, the secondlayer material of nylon and the polyester material that forms the flapsare woven in such a way that they are provided with numerous small holesor pores through which water may pass either into or out of the interiorof the rolled wrap while the second layer material does not have anysuch holes but is water permeable.

When the preferred flexible wrap container is used, it may contain twogarments: one placed directly on top of the panel and the other placedon top of the flaps after they are folded across the garment on thepanel.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, another preferred flexible wrap containermade in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. Theflexible wrap container 134 comprises the flexible panel 100 and a firstflap 111 and a second flap 112. The first and second flaps 111 and 112each preferably have a width about equal to the width of the flexiblepanel 100. More preferably, the first and second flaps 111 and 112 havea width between about 40 cm and about 70 cm for a flexible panel 100having a width between about 45 cm and about 72 cm. In other words, thefirst flap 111 preferably extends adjacent to the right edge of thepanel 100 when the first flap 111 is folded about the left edge of thepanel 100 and the second flap 112 preferably overlaps the first flap 111when folded about the right edge of the panel 100 and extends adjacentto the left edge of the panel 100. The flexible panel 100 and the firstand second flaps 111 and 112 can be provided as separate structures andattached to the flexible panel 100 or the flexible panel 100 and theflaps 111 and 112 can be formed from a unitary material. While thedistal or unattached edges 136 of the flaps 111 and 112 are illustratedas straight, other edge configurations, such as the previously describedsinusoidal shape, can be provided. Further, any suitable number ofattaching devices 114 (e.g., snaps, hook and loop fasteners, magneticfasteners, etc.) can be provided along one or more of the distal edges136 of the flaps 111 and 112 to secure the flaps to each other and/orthe flexible panel 100.

Referring still to FIGS. 8 and 9, the overlapping flaps 111 and 112deliver several benefits. For example, the increased width of the flaps111 and 112 moves the distal edges 136 of the overlapping flaps 111 and112 toward the right and left edges of the panel 100 and away fromcontact with the garment 120. This can reduce the likelihood that seamsor stitching of the distal edges 136 will leave an impression upon thegarment 120 during use of the flexible wrap container 134. Theoverlapping flaps 111 and 112 provide an additional layer of protectionfor the garment 120 and can reduce the risk that portions of the garment120 will “escape” from the flexible wrap container 134. Overlappingflaps 111 and 112 also provide a flexible wrap container which canaccommodate more than one garment. For example, the flaps 111 and 212are extended to expose the flexible panel 100, as shown in FIG. 8. Thegarment 120 is placed over the flexible panel 100 and one of the flaps111 or 112 is folded over the garment 120 as shown in FIG. 10 (flap 111being illustrated as folded over the garment). Garment 138 is thenplaced over the folded flap (e.g., flap 111) and the remaining flap(e.g., flap 112) is folded over the garment 138 and secured using theattaching devices 114, if provided. The flexible wrap container 134 isthen rolled and secured using the first and second fastening devices 106and 109.

While the width of the overlapping flaps 111 and 112 is discussed hereinas preferably extending to adjacent the right and left edges of thepanel 100, the width of the overlapping flaps 111 and 112 is preferablybetween about one half and the full width of the panel 100.Alternatively, although less preferred, a single flap having a widthequal to about the width of the panel 100 can be provided in place ofthe two overlapping flaps 111 and 112. Such an embodiment wouldpreferably include attaching devices 114 to secure the single flap tothe flexible panel.

Yet another preferred flexible wrap container is illustrated in FIG. 11.The flexible wrap container 140 comprises a flexible panel 100 having abody 142 with a right edge, left edge, and a bottom edge. The flexiblepanel 100 also has a tapered top portion 144 which is attached to thebody 142. The top portion 144 has an apex 146 which is located at aboutthe mid-point of the body 142. The length of the tapered top portion 144is preferably at least about one half of the length of the body 142.More preferably, the length of the top portion 144 is between about 40cm and about 50 cm for a body having a length between about 75 cm andabout 80 cm. A single strap 108 is attached adjacent the apex 146 of thetop portion 144. At an end of the strap is a first fastening device 109which is fixably and permanently attached to the strap 108 so that itsposition on the strap does not change. A second fastening device 106 isattached to the strap as previously discussed.

The inwardly tapering top portion 144 and/or provision of a single strap106 adjacent its apex 146 can provide several surprising benefits duringuse of the flexible wrap container 140. The tapered top portion 144,when rolled about the body 142 during use, as shown in FIG. 12, impartsadditional structure to the rolled flexible wrap container 140 by virtueof spiral layers 144 which encircle the body 142 when rolled. Thisadditional structure assists in retaining the roll-like shape of theflexible wrap container 140 such that garments stored within the wraprequire less finishing as the flexible wrap container 140 has a reducedtendency to twist or unroll from washing machine agitation. The flexiblewrap container 140 with its a centrally located strap 108 in combinationwith the tapered top portion 144 also better resists the formation ofgaps between layers of the rolled wrap container through which portionsof a garment 120, such as sleeves or a neck, can be extracted duringwashing machine agitation. While the tapered top portion 140 or 144illustrated herein is preferred, other top portions can be provided inaccordance with the present invention. For example, the top portion 144may displaced from the right and/or left edges of the body 142 or beprovided with a larger apex or less of a taper.

Referring to FIGS. 13, 14, and 15, still a further preferred flexiblewrap container made in accordance with one aspect of the presentinvention is illustrated. The flexible wrap container 148 has a flexiblepanel 100 with a right edge, left edge, and bottom edge. Disposedadjacent each of the right and left edges of the panel 100 is a fence150. The fences 150 can be provided in place of the previously describedflaps for retaining a garment within a flexible wrap container. Thefences 150 can be formed from a plurality of loops 152 whose ends 154and 156 are attached to the flexible panel 100. The loops 152 can beformed from polyester filaments, or a similar material, and attached tothe flexible panel 100 by stitching, heat sealing, hot glue, cold glue,ultrasonic welding, etc. The loops 152 are preferably formed into afirst row 158, wherein the loops 152 of the first row are disposed endto end, and a second row 160, wherein the end of the loops are alsodisposed substantially end to end. Preferably, the first loop 162 of thesecond row 160 begins at about the mid-point of the first loop 164 ofthe first row 158, as shown in FIG. 13, and the opposite end of thefirst loop 162 of the second row 160 terminates at about the mid-pointof second loop 170 of the first row 158, although the beginning locationof the second row can be varied. The loops preferably lay substantiallyflat when the flexible wrap container is unrolled and are flexibleenough to rise away from the flexible panel 100 such that loops from thefirst and second rows 158 and 160 will overlap to form the open fence150 having openings 172, as best seen in FIG. 14, through which washwater can flow but which are small enough such that the garment isunable to exit the flexible container wrap 148 during use. The filamentsforming the loops preferably have a gauge between about 0.25 mm andabout 3.175 mm and the opening 172 have an open area between about 1.5cm² and about 4.8 cm².

While the first and second rows 158 and 160 are described herein asdistinct rows, it will be understood that a single row can be providedin place of two rows or that more that two rows can be used. Further, itwill be appreciated that the gauge and spacing of the loops can bechanged to achieve differing degrees of flexibility in the longitudinaldirection and garment containment in the transverse direction. Furtherthe longitudinal length of the fences 150 can be varied, although it ispreferred that the length extend from adjacent to the top edge of thepanel 100 to adjacent to the bottom edge of the panel 100.

The rolled or folded wrap can be placed in the washing machine in anysuitable manner. The wrap is typically placed in a U.S. machine bybending it slightly to fit it around the agitator before the machine isturned on. The wrap can be placed in the washing machine without anyspecial means to retain it in place. Alternatively, a suitable retainingdevice can be used to retain the wrap in a particular position in thetub of the washing machine.

For example, as shown in FIG. 20, in one embodiment, when the wrap isplaced in the tub 220 of the washing machine 222, a retaining device,such as a net 224 can be placed over the wrap to keep the wrap submergedand prevent the wrap from floating during the washing process. This willensure that the garments contained in the wrap will be adequatelywetted, and more completely cleaned. This is a particularly usefulvariation in the case of the mild wash conditions and short wash timesin washing machines used in Japan where the water is circulated mainlyhorizontally by a disk at the bottom of the wash tub. These machinesdiffer from U.S. machines where the water moves in a vertical circularmotion which tends to pull the wrap down toward the bottom of the washtub.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, a net 224 is used whichextends across the interior of the tub of the washing machine, and isdisposed over the wrap. The net can be stretchable or non-stretchable.The net can be of any suitable size. The net, may, for example, have adiagonal dimension of between 20-40 cm in an unstretched condition. Thenet can be of any suitable shape, including, but not limited to: square,rectangular, triangular, and circular. The net can be made of anysuitable material. The net should be pervious so that it does notdisturb the water flow in the washing machine. In one embodiment, thenet is a stretchable elastic material which has a square configurationand is 22 cm×22 cm in an unstretched condition. This net has sixteensquare-shaped apertures, each of which is approximately 5 cm×5 cm.

The net can be held in place in any suitable manner. In the embodimentshown in FIG. 20, the net is held in place by four metal hooks thatengage with the holes in the inside of the tub of the washing machine.The net is not limited to being retained by four hooks. Any suitablenumber of hooks (including between 3-10 hooks) will do. The hooks can bemade of plastic, or any other suitable material. In other embodiments,the net may be held in place by types of devices other than metal hooks.A few non-limiting examples of suitable devices for holding the net inplace include: suction cups, magnets, and stickers.

In other embodiments, the retaining device can comprise some othersuitable device other than a net. Any device that retains the wrap inplace in the washing machine will be suitable. The wrap could, forexample, be hooked to the tub with straps. Alternatively, the wrap couldbe weighted to keep it submerged. In other embodiments, the wrap canprovided with magnets which can be attached to the interior of the washtub to keep the same in position. These are but a few examples ofsuitable retaining devices.

The garment container preferably resists shrinkage of the garmentscontained therein such that the garments have a shrinkage ratio (%dimensional change) of less than or equal to about 15% (e.g., betweenabout 0% and about 15%) over five wash cycles. The shrinkage ratio (%dimensional change) is measured according to the Entire GarmentShrinkage Test Method described in the Test Methods section below.

The garment container preferably has a wetting effectiveness of thegarments contained therein of between about 90% and about 100%, morepreferably at least about 95%, and most preferably 100%. The wettingeffectiveness of the garments is measured according to the Wetting TestMethod described in the Test Methods section below.

The flexible wrap container disclosed by the present invention providessignificant benefits over similar devices in use today. In particular,it offers a superior means for securing and closing itself, therebylimiting the chance that garments will spill out of it and be damagedwhile being laundered in a washing machine. Additionally, the flexiblewrap container insulates and protects the garment or garments containedtherein from the stress and abrasion that may be caused by the agitatorand other internal parts of a washing machine. The flexible wrapcontainer further offers an expandability and versatility that is notseen in other such devices: not only is the flexible wrap containerlarger than competing devices, it has a series of connecting means (e.g.snaps) which allow two identical flexible wrap containers to be snappedtogether to provide an additional flexible wrap container of twice theoriginal capacity of the flexible wrap container. This further enhancesthe dimension retention benefits of the present invention.

The Wash Pretreatment Applicator

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, one style of wash pretreatment applicatoremployed in the stain-removal process of the present invention is afinger mounted brush suitable for spreading an amount of thepretreatment composition across the stained area of fabric which, alongwith a very gentle amount of force, allows the pretreatment compositionto penetrate into the stain and provide efficacious cleaning benefits.This is, however, only one embodiment as the applicator in the presentinvention may be as simple as a human finger or any other non-abrasivetool which can apply an effective amount of a wash pretreatmentcomposition to a stained area of a garment while simultaneouslyeffectively providing mechanical action to assist in the stain removal.

FIG. 5 is a perspective illustration showing the applicator 310. Theapplicator consists of a substantially cylindrical tube 301 having anopen end 302 and a closed end 304. The tube 301 is sized and configuredto fit snugly around a human finger with the closed end of the tubepositioned adjacent to the tip of the finger and the open end of thetube positioned adjacent the second joint of the finger. Brush means 303are disposed adjacent the closed end portion 304 of the tube 301. Thebrush means is enclosed within a oval or circle-shaped area and extendsgenerally from the tip of the tube and partially down the side of thetube.

The brush means 303 is conveniently configured to apply an effectiveamount of a wash pre-treatment composition to a stain covering alocalized area of fabric when applied thereto with a brushing motion.The brush means comprises a multiplicity of small bristles provided as abed or mat that extend outwardly from the closed end portion of the tube301. The brush means may comprise from about 30 to about 250 bristlesper cm². These bristles may be from about 0.05 to about 1.0 cm long. Thebristles are formed as an integral part of the tube 301 during themanufacture thereof such that the bristles and the tube are allfabricated from the same unitary piece of material. The applicator maybe made out of any flexible plastic or polymeric material and may beconstructed so as to be either durable or disposable.

For aesthetic purposes, ease of manufacture or any other reason thebristles may be arranged in any pattern or grid provided that saidpattern efficiently and efficaciously applies the liquid cleaningcomposition to the localized area of fabric. The choice of the source,style and number of bristles are matters for the manufacture'sdiscretion, and the foregoing illustrations are not intended to belimiting of the invention.

The wash pretreatment applicator herein should be of a size that itcomfortably fits on a human finger in the manner illustrated in FIG. 6.In this embodiment, the length of the tube 301 with its generallycylindrical configuration is about 4.5 cm. The diameter of the cylinderat its open end is 2 cm.

FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of a wash pretreatment device 400. Thepretreatment device 400 shown in FIG. 21 comprises a pressure operateddabbing-type applicator. The pretreatment device 400 preferablycomprises an applicator portion or applicator 402 which comprises anapplicator pad 404, an applicator fixture 406, and a valve 408, and acontainer 410. The valve 408 and container 410 are optional, butpreferred components. In a simplified embodiment, the wash pretreatmentcomposition can be applied to the applicator pad 404, and thecomposition can be applied to the garment, rather than the pretreatmentcomposition flowing out of the container 410 and being metered by thevalve 408.

The applicator pad 404 can be made of any suitable material. Suitablematerials include, but are not limited to: foam, sponge, mohair, net,scrim, or other suitable material. In a preferred embodiment, theapplicator pad 404 comprises a novel structure comprising multiplelayers of a net or scrim material. Preferably, the applicator padcomprises a plurality of plies of a hydrophobic diamond mesh materialnet or scrim such as that shown in FIGS. 21-26. Suitable diamond meshmaterial is described in the following patents assigned to The Procter &Gamble Company: U.S. Pat. No. 5,650,384; U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,539; U.S.Pat. No. 5,977,039; and, U.S. Pat. No. 5,935,915, all issued to Gordon,et al.

In the preferred embodiment when the applicator pad 404 comprises themesh, net, or scrim material described above, the applicator pad 404preferably comprises a plurality of plies of this net material. Therecan be any suitable number of plies or layers of this net material. Thenumber of layers depends on the thickness of each layer. A non-limitingexample of a range of suitable number of plies is between 12 and 50plies of material. In one preferred embodiment in which the net materialis about 0.012 inches thick (about 0.3 mm), the applicator pad 404comprises 28 layers of net material. Optionally, a variety of netapplicator pads can be provided. For example, an applicator pad 404 witha coarser net material can be provided for heavier fabrics, and a finernet material can be provided for lighter weight fabrics.

The applicator pad 404 can be made in any suitable manner. Preferably,the applicator pad 404 is made in a way that the openings of the net arebetween about 0.100-0.180 inches (about 2.5 mm-4.6 mm), more preferablyabout 0.125 inches (about 3 mm). The openings in the different layers ofthe net material are preferably not aligned. This will provide theapplicator pad 404 with greater capillarity than if the openings wereall aligned. Preferably, the openings are randomly aligned.

One non-limiting way of making the applicator pad 404 involves using astretchable net material with openings that are about 0.050 inches(about 1.3 mm). The net material is initially provided in the form of along tube. The net is then pulled over a structure to stretch the net sothat the openings are the desired 0.125 inches in size. The structurecan be a tube such as a length of PVC pipe, or any other suitablestructure. The net is then rolled up until it resembles a multi-layeredsweat band. The net is rolled until there are 28 layers in the rolled upnet. The net roll is heated and cooled to set the openings at thedesired size. The net is then cut from around the pipe to form a band ofmulti-layered material.

The band of multi-layered material then is formed into individualbuttons of a size suitable for serving as applicator pads. The FIG. 22shows the applicator pad 404 when it is in the form of a button. Thebuttons can be of any suitable shape, but are preferably circular. Thebuttons are formed by ultrasonically welding and melting the perimeterof the multi-layered net material to form a flat lip or rim around acircular section of the multi-layered net material.

The fixture 406 can be any suitable structure that serves as a holderfor the button, and preferably also houses the valve 408. Suitablefixtures are available from Dab-O-Matic Corp., Mt. Vernon, N.Y.

The valve 408 can be any suitable type of valve. Suitable types ofvalves include, but are not limited to: Archimedes valves, springvalves, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the valve is a spring valve suchas one of those available from Dab-O-Matic Corp.

The container 410 can be any suitable type of container. The applicator402 can be fit onto the container 410 in any suitable matter, including,but not limited to by screwing the same onto the container, or byfriction fitting the applicator onto the container 410.

FIGS. 22 and 26 show the assembly of the wash pretreatment device 400.The button is placed on top of the fixture 406. The rim of theapplicator button is folded down around the top of the fixture 406 andfit onto the fixture as shown in FIG. 26.

The wash pretreatment device 400 with the net applicator pad 404 is softon gentle fabrics. In addition, without wishing to be bound to anyparticular theory of operation, it is believed that the washpretreatment device shown in FIGS. 21-26 aids in converting the washpretreatment composition into a foam since air can be entrapped withinthe layers of netting. This is believed to provide better cleaning.Again, without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, the washpretreatment device 400 is also believed to be unique in that it iscapable of performing several functions simultaneously. The netapplicator pad 404 is capable of: being used for scrubbing the stainedportion of the fabric; foaming the pretreatment composition (evennon-foam forms of the composition) to aid in suspending the stain soilparticles from the stained area; and, it also has a capillary structurethat for absorbing and removing the foam with suspended soil particlestherein from the stained area of the garment so that the stained areacan become progressively less stained (or refreshed) each time theapplicator pad is brought into contact with the stained area of thegarment.

In addition to being useful as a wash pretreatment applicator, theapplicator can also be useful for other purposes, such as for cleaningor applying a liquid to virtually an unlimited number of other types ofmaterial, surfaces, including but not limited to skin. For example, theapplicator can be useful for cleaning stains on fabrics that are notwashed shortly thereafter, or it could be useful in removing stains fromcarpets. In another example, the applicator could also be used forapplying medicaments to a living creature.

The wash pretreatment applicators are highly useful tools by which stainremoval agent may be distributed over the stained area of a garment withenhanced convenience and efficacy.

Absorbent Stain Receiver

The absorbent stain receiver which is used in the present inventionincludes an absorbent material which imbibes the liquid composition. Inpreferred modes of operation, the stain receiver is designedspecifically to “wick” or “draw” the liquid compositions away from thestained fabric. The absorbent stain receiver is necessarily white ornon-printed to avoid dye transfer from receiver to garment. White ornon-printed disposable paper towels, paper towels such as BOUNTY™ brandtowels, clean rags, etc., can be used. A preferred receiver consists ofa nonwoven pad. In a preferred embodiment, the overall nonwoven is anabsorbent structure composed of about 72% wood pulp and about 28%bicomponent staple fiber polyethylene-polypropylene (PE/PP). It is about60 mils thick. It optionally, but preferably, has a barrier film on itsrear surface to prevent the cleaning liquid from passing onto thesurface on which the spotting operation is being conducted. Thereceiver's structure establishes a capillary gradient from its upper,fluid receiving layer to its lower layer. The gradient is achieved bycontrolling the density of the overall material and by layering thecomponents such that there is lower capillary suction in the upper layerand greater capillary suction force within the lower layer.

Alternatively, the absorbent stain receiver used herein comprisesFunctional Absorbent Materials (“FAM's”) which are in the form ofwater-absorbent foams having a controlled capillary size. The physicalstructure and resulting high capillarity of FAM-type foams provide veryeffective water absorption, while at the same time the chemicalcomposition of the FAM typically renders it highly lipophilic. Thus, theFAM can essentially provide both hydrophilicity and lipophilicitysimultaneously. FAM foams can be treated to render them hydrophilic.Both the hydrophobic or hydrophilic FAM can be used herein.

The manufacture of FAM-type foams for use as the stain receiver hereinforms no part of the present invention. The manufacture of FAM foam isvery extensively described in the patent literature; see, for example:U.S. Pat. No. 5,260,345 to DesMarais, Stone, Thompson, Young, LaVon andDyer, issued Nov. 9, 1993; U.S. Pat. No. 5,268,224 to DesMarais, Stone,Thompson, Young, LaVon and Dyer, issued Dec. 7, 1993; U.S. Pat. No.5,147,345 to Young, LaVon and Taylor, issued Sep. 15, 1992 and companionpatent U.S. Pat. No. 5,318,554 issued Jun. 7, 1994; U.S. Pat. No.5,149,720 to DesMarais, Dick and Shiveley, issued Sep. 22, 1992 andcompanion patents U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,472, issued Mar. 30, 1993 and U.S.Pat. No. 5,250,576 issued Oct. 5, 1993; U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,711 toDesMarais, issued Oct. 4, 1994; PCT application 93/04115 published Mar.4, 1993, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,777 to DesMarais and Stone, issued Mar.8, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,387,207 to Dyer, DesMarais, LaVon, Stone,Taylor and Young, issued Feb. 7, 1995; U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,451 toGoldman and Scheibel, issued Mar. 19, 1996; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,550,167to DesMarais, issued Aug. 27, 1996.

Kits

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a kit isprovided which contains the necessary materials to enable a consumer toclean their delicate or dry-clean only garments in a washing machine,such as a conventional, home washing machine with at least equivalentcleaning performance but without significant damage or the adverseeffects typically associated with aqueous garment cleaning. In onenon-limiting embodiment, the kit includes a liquid cleaning compositionspecially formulated for treating and cleaning delicate and dry-cleanonly garments, which is preferably a combination washing/conditioningdetergent composition, and a flexible wrap container. The kit may alsoinclude: a wash pretreatment composition, one or more wash pretreatmentapplicators, a rinse cycle conditioner, an apparatus for dispensing arinse cycle conditioner and multiple absorbent stain receiver pads.

When these separate components are taken and used together, the resultis an innovative process and a kit for performing that process by whichdelicate and dry-clean only garments can be cleaned and freshened in anaqueous laundering process without damaging the garments.

PROCESS EMBODIMENTS

The use of the devices, compositions and processes of this invention aredescribed in more detail hereinafter. Such disclosure is by way ofillustration and not limitation of the invention herein.

Although not necessary or essential to the present invention, it ispreferable to use a pretreatment procedure to improve the effectivenessof removing stains from a stained area of the garment. This pretreatmentprocedure comprises pouring a pretreatment composition to the stainedarea and then distributing and spreading the pretreatment compositionover the stained area with the wash pretreatment applicator by applyinga gentle brushing motion to distribute the pretreatment compositionaround the stained area of the garment. The pretreatment composition andloosened soil is then optionally rinsed off the treated area with water.

In more detail, the pretreatment process herein can be conducted in thefollowing manner. Modifications of the process can be practiced withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

-   1. Place the stained area of the garment over and in contact with an    absorbent stain receiver such as a FAM absorbency pad or a paper    towel (preferably a nonwoven pad that is white or non-printed-to    avoid dye transfer from receiver to garment) or any other stain    receiver as described herein on any suitable surface such as a table    top etc. Pour the wash pretreatment composition onto the stained    area.-   2. Use the wash pretreatment applicator to spread, in a gentle    brushing motion, the pretreatment composition onto the stained area    to saturate the localized stained area without saturating the area    surrounding it and then subsequently attempting to work out the    stain as completely as possible.-   3. Optionally, let the composition penetrate the stain for about 1    to 30 minutes.-   4. Optionally, apply more of the pretreatment composition onto the    stained area.-   5. Optionally, rinse the stained area that has been pre-treated with    cold tap water.-   6. Follow this pretreatment process with the overall cleaning    process described below.

An overall process for treating an entire fabric surface area of agarment, which includes the pretreatment process described above, thuscomprises the following steps of:

-   -   (i) Optionally, conducting a pretreatment process, according to        steps 1-6 of the above disclosure, on a stained area of a        garment.    -   (ii) Placing the pretreated garment from step (i) inside the        washing implement in the manner disclosed herein and securing        the washing implement so that it will not come open during        laundering in the washing machine.    -   (iii) Placing the washing implement inside a washing machine        together with a measured amount of the combination        washing/conditioning composition.    -   (iv) Operating the washing machine on its most gentle agitation        cycle and using cold water both in the wash and rinse cycles for        a period of at least about 6 minutes, typically from about 4        minutes to about 12 minutes.    -   (v) Removing the flexible wrap container containing the clean        garments from the washing machine, removing the garment or        garments from the flexible wrap container and either allowing        them to air dry or first placing them in a clothes dryer set on        air-fluff (no heat) for silk garments or the lowest possible        dryer heat setting for garments made from rayon and rayon        blends. Heavy weight garments should remain in the dryer for 8        to 10 minutes, while light weight garments should remain for 4        to 6 minutes. The garments should then be removed and allowed to        air dry. Wool garments should not be placed in a clothes dryer.

With respect to step (ii), it is appreciated that for fabrics which tendto wrinkle, it is preferred not to overload the washing implement usedherein.

In step (iii), the washing machine may have an agitator arranged oneither a substantially horizontal or substantially vertical axis.Typically, such an amount of liquid cleaning/conditioning compositionwill be added so that the concentration of active ingredients in thewash liquor is from about 300 ppm to 2500 ppm, more preferably fromabout 400 ppm to about 2000 ppm, most preferably from about 500 ppm toabout 1600 ppm. Step (iv) can be conducted for longer or shorterperiods, depending on such factors as the degree and type of soiling ofthe fabrics, the nature of the soils, the nature of the fabrics, thefabric load and the like according to the needs of the user.

The components of the methods described in U.S. Patent application Ser.Nos. 60/105,539, 60/157,082, and 60/157,399 (PCT Publication WO 00/24860published in the name of Wernicke, et al. on May 4, 2000, and PCTPublication WO 00/24958 published in the name of Curry, et al. on May 4,2000), could be substituted for one or more of the component parts ofthe method described herein.

EXAMPLE I

The following provides non-limiting examples of a (1) preferred washpretreatment composition to be used in the pretreatment process; and (2)a washing/conditioning composition to be added during the wash cycle. Itshould be understood that all of the amounts are approximate (or“about”) the amounts listed. It should also be understood that thecomponents are mixed together to form the compositions. The compositionsare used in a manner described after the detailed formulations. WashPretreatment Composition Component Weight % Nonionic Surfactant  1-10%Anionic Surfactant 10-30% Amine Cosurfactant 0-3% Citric Acid 1-4%Ethanol 1-3% Monoethanol amine 0.5-7%   Trimethyl pentanediol 0.5-5%  (TMPD) Propanediol  1-10% Tolulene Sulfonate 1-5% NaOH to adjust pHFabric Care Agents 1-5% Enzymes 0.1-2%   Water and perfume Balance

Washing/Conditioning Composition Component Weight % Anionic Surfactant¹10-25% Nonionic Surfactant² 1-6% Lauryl trimethyl ammonium  1.5-12.5%chloride Trimethyl pentane diol 0.5-5%   (TMPD) Citric Acid 1-4% Ethanol1-3% Monoethanol amine 0.5-7%   Sodium Formate 0.05-2%   Propanediol 1-10% Tolulene Sulfonate 1-5% Borax premix 0.5-2.5% NaOH to adjust pHEthoxylated Tetraethylene 0.5-2%   Penatamine PVNO 0.1-1.5% CyclicPolymer³ 0.1-1.5% Enzymes 0.1-2%   Silicone softening agent⁴  1-12%Perfumes and dyes 0.2-1%   Water, anti-foam agents, Balance andoptionally leather conditioners¹C12-15 alkyl ethoxy sulfonate containing an average of 1.1 ethoxygroups.²Neodol 23-9³Imidazole-epi (condensation oligomer produced by condensation ofimidazole and epichloro-hydrin in the ratio 1:4:1). The composition isabout 94% oligomer and 6% free imidazole⁴The silicone softening agent may be either a blend of Dimethicone andAmmonium alkyl sulfonate containing an average of 3 ethoxy groups or maybe the SILWET ® L77 surfactant which is a mixture of 84%polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane (the “active”ingredient) and 16% allyloxypolyethyleneglycol methyl ehter and SILWET ®L7602 surfactant. The silicone softening agent may be in the form of anemulsion.

PROCESS EXAMPLE

Step 1. One or more garments to be cleaned and refreshed are selected.Stains on a garment from sources such as ink, lipstick, salad dressing,collar soil and other similar sources are then identified and selectedfor pretreatment. For pretreatment, localized stained areas of thegarment are situated over a paper towel and are treated by directlyapplying about 0.5 to 5 mls (depending on the size of the stain) of thewash pretreatment product of Example I, which is gently worked into thegarment using the wash pretreatment applicator. Excess liquid product isthen washed off the stain with running cold tap water.

Step 2. The flexible wrap container is laid flat on an even surface suchas a table or clothes dryer. A first garment such as a jacket is placedon the wrap. The sleeves and other extensions of the garment should befolded-in if necessary and none of the garment may lie outside theperimeter of the wrap. After the first garment has been laid on thewrap, the wrap's flaps are folded over the garment so that the entiregarment is enclosed by the wrap. An additional garment may then beplaced over the folded flaps following the same procedure describedabove and being careful that none of the garment lies outside theperimeter of the flexible wrap container.

Step 3. The wrap is then rolled up as if one were rolling up a sleepingbag. The wrap is rolled in a direction parallel to the longest edge ofthe wrap, starting from the edge furthest from the straps. After the baghas been rolled up, it is secured by means of the straps and fastenersso that the straps holding the bag are pulled taut.

Step 4. The garment-containing wrap is then placed in a washing machine.Preferably two garment-containing wraps of approximately equal weightare placed in the washing machine simultaneously to insure a balancedload. The washing machine settings should be set on: medium water level(approximately 17 gallons), cold water and the most gentle agitationsetting. About 70 grams of the washing/conditioning composition ofExample I are poured into the washing machine; 70 grams of the liquidproduct of Example I in 17 gallons of water means that the totalconcentration of liquid cleaning composition in the detergent/watersolution will be about 1090 ppm.

Step 5. When the washing machine has completed all of its cycles, thegarment-containing wraps are removed from the washing machine and thegarments inside the wraps are removed from the wrap. With the exceptionof men's ties and wool garments, one may dry the garments by placingthem in a dryer and setting the dryer on air-fluff (no heat) for silkgarments or the lowest possible dryer heat setting for garments madefrom rayon and rayon blends. Heavy weight garments should remain in thedryer for 8 to 10 minutes, while light weight garments should remain for4 to 6 minutes. One then removes the damp garment from the dryer and maythen hang the garment or lay it flat to finish drying. For men's tiesand wools the dryer step is inappropriate and air drying should beginimmediately after they are removed from the washing machine.

Step 6. Press or steam the garments if necessary.

TEST METHODS

Wetting Test Method

Standard Wash Conditions:

-   Washing Machine (Sears Kenmore Series 90)-   Medium Water Fill (17 gallon) (64 liters)-   Cold Water Temperature (60° F.) (15.5° C.) for both wash and rinse-   Extra Delicate Agitation Setting-   6 minute “Ultra Clean” wash cycle-   1 Rinse Selected    Procedure:    Wetting Experiment-   1. Place a 100% wool sweater in the garment wrap. Place the sleeves    straight down along the sides of the sweater (not crossing in the    middle so as to avoid covering the front of the sweater, which would    interfere with wetting of the same).-   2. Roll up the garment wrap in the usual manner.-   3. Using Standard Wash Conditions, turn on the washing machine and    allow washing machine to fill.-   4. Once water has filled and agitation has started, place garment    wrap with the sweater therein on the surface of the water in the    machine (do not submerge). (This wetting experiment is designed to    measure the garment wetting in a stressed condition in that wetting    is typically easier to accomplish when the garment wrap is placed    into the wash tub before the water fills the wash tub.)-   5. At the end of the wash cycle, the machine will begin to drain.-   6. After the machine has finished draining, turn off the machine    before the spin cycle begins.-   7. Lay the garment wrap on a flat table and unroll or unfold the    wrap.-   8. Immediately begin measuring and recording the dry areas on the    front of the sweater and both sides of the arms (dry areas will    appear much lighter than the wet areas). The dry areas are measured    by measuring the dimensions of the dry areas using a scale (ruler)    and calculating the area of each dry area as accurately as possible.-   9. To calculate an approximate % Dry, divide the sum of the dry    areas by the measured area of front and arms. The wetting    effectiveness is determined by subtracting the % Dry from 100%.    Shrinkage Test Method—Entire Garment

This procedure is for preparing and evaluating entire garments formeasuring fabric shrinkage.

DEFINITIONS

-   Dimensional Change (DC)—changes in fabric length or width. Expressed    as a percentage of the initial dimension of the fabric.-   Shrinkage—a dimensional change resulting in a decrease in length or    width of the fabric specimen.    Procedure:

Garment Preparation:

-   1. Identify and obtain three different types of garments for    evaluation. Recommended fiber types include: rayons, rayon/acetates,    silks and wools. Include both woven and knitted fabrics as well as a    variety of garment construction types (dresses, blouses, pants,    blazers, skirts).-   2. Four garments of each sample should be used to increase the    precision of the average.-   3. Condition each garment for at least 4 hours in a controlled    environment room (70° F., 65% RH) by hanging it on a hanger. If a    garment would not normally be hung on a hanger, lay garment on a    screen of a conditioning rack.-   4. Using indelible marker or sewing thread, place pairs of    benchmarks on the garment using FIGS. 27 to 29 as a guide for the    location of benchmarks. FIG. 27 shows the location of benchmarks for    a pair of pants or trousers. FIG. 28 shows the location of    benchmarks for shirts, blouses, and sweaters. FIG. 29 shows the    location of benchmarks for dresses and skirts. The benchmarks are    located generally from one portion of the garment to the    corresponding opposing portion of the garment (e.g., from the bottom    of the pants leg to the top of the pants leg). The precise location    of each benchmark is not important because the dimensional change of    the garment is being measured, rather than absolute dimensions of    the different portions of the garment. Typically, the benchmarks    chosen will be a whole number of (e.g., inches or centimeters),    rather than a number and a fraction of a number. However, each    benchmark must be at least one inch (2.5 cm) inward from all edges    or seams.-   5. If the garment shifts or moves when you attempt to place the    benchmarks, lay the garment flat on a board and fasten the garment    to the board with needles or tacks without stretching the fabric.-   6. Measure and record the distance between each pair of marks to the    nearest millimeter or sixteenth of an inch. Record these distances    on a piece of paper under a column designated “A”.    Wash/Dry Instructions:-   1. Place no more than two garment wraps in the washing machine    specified above under Standard Wash Conditions.-   2. Set the water temperature to 60° F., the agitation to Extra    Delicate (Kenmore Series 90), and the cycle setting to “6 minute    Ultra Clean”.-   3. Set the water fill to 17 gallon (Medium on Kenmore Series 90) and    start the machine. Select one rinse.-   4. Add product.-   5. Once the final spin has completely stopped, remove wraps from    machine and lay on flat surface.-   6. Unroll wraps, remove garments, and dry as follows:    -   for rayon and rayon/acetate fiber: dryer dry with Low heat for        5-10 minutes then hang to finish drying;    -   for silk fiber: dryer dry with no heat (Air Fluff) for 10        minutes then hang to finish drying; and    -   for wool fiber: lay flat or hang dry.        Measurements and Evaluation:-   1. After completion of the shrinkage test, condition each garment    for at least 4 hours in a controlled environment room (70° F., 65%    RH) by hanging it on a hanger. If garment would not normally be hung    on a hanger, lay garment on a screen of a conditioning rack.-   2. After conditioning, lay each garment without tension on a flat,    smooth, horizontal surface. If the garment is heavily wrinkled and    can not be laid flat, fasten the garment to a board without    stretching the fabric.-   3. Measure the distance between each pair of marks—record these    under a column designated “B”. Small wrinkles should be flattened    out with the ruler.-   4. Calculate dimensional change for each location on the garment:    % DC=100(B−A)/A    -   where DC=Dimensional change        -   A=Average original dimension        -   B=Average dimension after wet cleaning            Both original (A) and final (B) dimensions are the averages            of the measurements in each location made on the three test            garments.-   5. Report the average dimensional change for each location on the    garment for each fabric type and garment type.    Shrinkage Test Method—Fabric Swatches

This procedure is used for preparing and evaluating swatches formeasuring fabric shrinkage.

DEFINITIONS

-   Dimensional Change (DC)—changes in fabric length or width. Expressed    as a percentage of the initial dimension of the fabric.-   Shrinkage—a dimensional change resulting in a decrease in length or    width of the fabric specimen.    Procedure:    Swatch Preparation:-   1. Identify and obtain fabrics or garments for evaluation.-   2. Cut three 14 in.×14 in. (35.6 cm×35.6 cm) or larger swatches of    each type of fabric for each test leg.-   3. Condition swatches for at least 4 hours in a controlled    environment room (70° F., 65% RH) by laying swatches flat on a    screen or shelf of a conditioning rack.-   4. Determine the lengthwise and widthwise directions of the swatch.    For woven fabrics, see FIG. 30. For knit fabrics, examine the yams    and use FIG. 31 to determine the lengthwise direction. If the    lengthwise and widthwise directions of the fabric can not be    determined, measure area shrinkage only.-   5. With indelible ink, mark each swatch with three pairs of marks,    10 in. (25.4 cm) apart, parallel to the length of the swatch and    three pairs of marks parallel to the width of the fabric. Marks    should not be made less than 2 in. (5.1 cm) from the border of the    swatch. Pairs of marks in the same direction should be approximately    5 in. (12.7 cm) apart. See FIG. 32 for swatch marking template.-   6. Measure the distance for each pair of marks—record these on a    piece of paper under a column designated “A”.    Measurements and Evaluation:-   1. After the shrinkage test has been conducted, condition fabrics    for at least 4 hours in a controlled environment room (70° F., 65%    RH) by laying swatches flat on a screen or shelf of a conditioning    rack.-   2. After conditioning, lay each swatch without tension on a flat,    smooth, horizontal surface.-   3. Measure the distance between each pair of marks—record these    under a column designated “B”. Wrinkles should be flattened out with    the ruler.-   4. Calculate average lengthwise and widthwise dimensional change for    each fabric type:    % DC=100(B−A)/A    -   where DC=Dimensional change        -   A=Average original dimension        -   B=Average dimension after wet cleaning            Both original (A) and final (B) dimensions are the averages            of the measurements made in each direction on all three test            swatches.-   5. Calculate average area dimensional change of each fabric type    according to the following equation:    % DC    _(area)=100(B_(length)B_(width)−A_(length)A_(width))/A_(length)A_(width)    -   where DC_(area)=Average area dimensional change        -   A_(length)=Average original lengthwise dimension        -   A_(width)=Average original widthwise dimension        -   B_(length)=Average lengthwise dimension after wet cleaning        -   B_(width)=Average widthwise dimension after wet cleaning            Taber Stiffness

The test used to measure stiffness is the Taber tester (ASTM D5342). Thesamples of material are measured in two directions—parallel to the warpyams and perpendicular thereto (parallel to the weft yams). The TaberStiffness is measured on four samples of material for each directionmeasured.

This concludes the description of the test methods.

The disclosure of all patents, patent applications (and any patentswhich issue thereon, as well as any corresponding published foreignpatent applications), and publications mentioned throughout thisdescription are hereby incorporated by reference herein. It is expresslynot admitted, however, that any of the documents incorporated byreference herein teach or disclose the present invention.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1. A dispensing applicator for applying a substance to a material, saiddispensing applicator comprising: a container for holding a liquid, saidcontainer having an opening; a valve joined to the opening of saidcontainer for containing the flow of liquid from the container; and anapplicator pad on top of said container, said applicator pad comprisingmultiple layers of netting, through which said liquid passes.
 2. Aprocess for washing garments in a washing machine comprising the stepsof: (a) placing a garment within a flexible wrap container, the flexiblewrap container comprising: a flexible panel having a right edge, a leftedge, a top edge, and a bottom edge; at least one strap and a firstfastening device attached to said strap for securing the wrap containerin a more compact configuration; a first flap attached to said rightedge of said flexible panel; and a second flap attached to said leftedge of said flexible panel, wherein said first and second flaps overlapwhen folded about their respective edges; (b) folding the flexible wrapcontainer with the garment therein at least once and retaining thefolded flexible wrap container in a folded configuration; (c) placingthe flexible wrap container and an effective amount of a cleaningcomposition inside a washing machine; and (d) operating the washingmachine.
 3. A process for washing garments in a washing machinecomprising the steps of: (a) applying a cleaning composition to agarment; (b) placing the garment in a garment container; (c) placing thegarment container with the garment therein inside a washing machine; and(d) operating the washing machine.
 4. The process of claim 3 wherein thecleaning composition is applied in at least one of the followingmanners: (a) directly to the garment; (b) indirectly to the garment; (c)inside the garment container, and at least some of the cleaningcomposition comes into contact with the garment during the washingprocess; and (d) the cleaning composition is applied to anothermaterial, and this other material is brought into contact with thegarment.
 5. The process of claim 4 wherein the cleaning composition isapplied directly to the garment in a manner selected from at least oneof the following: (a) applying a liquid cleaning composition onto thegarment with a brush; (b) drizzling a liquid cleaning composition ontothe garment; (c) spraying the cleaning composition onto the garment; (d)applying the cleaning composition onto the garment with a roller; (e)applying the cleaning composition onto the garment by padding; (f)dispensing a foam cleaning composition onto the garment; and (g) dustinga powder cleaning composition onto the garment.
 6. The process of claim4 wherein the cleaning composition is indirectly applied to the garmentin a manner selected from the group consisting of the following: (a)applying the cleaning composition into the washing machine using amaterial with a dried cleaning composition thereon; (b) applying thecleaning composition into the washing machine using a material with awet cleaning composition thereon; and (c) rolling or folding the wrapand inserting the cleaning composition into the rolled or folded wrap.7. A pretreatment composition for treating stains on delicate clothes,said pretreatment composition comprising: (a) an anionic surfactant; (b)a nonionic surfactant; and (c) a solvatrope.
 8. The pretreatmentcomposition of claim 7 wherein said solvatrope has a ClogP between about0.1-0.6, and at least a degree of polarity.
 9. The pretreatmentcomposition of claim 8 wherein said solvatrope comprises a compositionselected from the group consisting of: (a)2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol; (b) 1,2-hexanediol,2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD); (c) mono-ol or diol principal solventshaving the ClogP values within the specified range; (d) 1,4cyclohexanedimethanol; and (e) ethoxylated phenol; (f) alcoholethoxylate.
 10. The pretreatment composition of claim 9 wherein thesolvatrope is a mixture of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol and1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in a weight ratio of from 80:20 to 50:50. 11.A pretreatment composition according to claim 7 having a viscositybetween about 50-100 cps.
 12. A liquid detergent composition suitablefor washing and conditioning delicate fabrics comprising: (a) an anionicsurfactant; (b) a quaternary ammonium surfactant; (c) a siliconesoftening agent; and (d) a solvatrope; wherein the weight ratio ofanionic surfactants to quaternary ammonium surfactants is from about 2:1to 6:1.
 13. The liquid detergent composition of claim 12 wherein theanionic surfactant comprises C₁₂₋₁₅ alkyl ethoxy sulfonate containing anaverage of 1.1 ethoxy groups.
 14. The liquid detergent composition ofclaim 12 wherein the quaternary ammonium surfactant comprises C10-C14tri-methyl ammonium chloride.
 15. The liquid detergent composition ofclaim 12 wherein the solvatrope comprises a composition selected fromthe group consisting of: (a) 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol; (b)1,2-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol (EHD); (c) mono-ol or diolprincipal solvents having the ClogP values within the specified range;(d) 1,4 cyclohexanedimethanol; (e) ethoxylated phenol; and (f) alcoholethoxylate.